Efek Monosodium Glutamate terhadap Estrogen Induk Tikus Bunting dan Jarak Anogenital Anak Tikus Jantan - Permata Sari, Amelya; Mega Ade Nugrahmi; Meka Melani Sari (Pro Health Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 2025)
ABSTRAK Monosodium glutamate (MSG) diketahui dapat merusak fungsi ovarium melalui induksi sekresi luteinizing hormone (LH) dan follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) dari hipofisis anterior, serta estradiol dari folikel ovarium. Salah satu indikator feminisasi pada anak tikus jantan adalah pemendekan jarak anogenital yang menyerupai kelamin betina. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemberian MSG terhadap kadar estrogen tikus bunting dan feminisasi pada anak tikus jantan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan 18 ekor tikus bunting yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok: kontrol, perlakuan 1 (MSG 2 mg/g BB), dan perlakuan 2 (MSG 4 mg/g BB). Penelitian dilakukan selama 28 hari di animal house dan Laboratorium Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang. Kadar estradiol serum diukur menggunakan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan One Way ANOVA untuk kadar estradiol dan uji Kruskal–Wallis untuk jarak anogenital.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan kadar estradiol serum yang signifikan antara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan 1 (p=0,012), kontrol dan perlakuan 2 (p<0,001), serta perlakuan 1 dan perlakuan 2 (p<0,001). Uji Kruskal–Wallis menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan pemberian MSG terhadap jarak anogenital (p<0,001). Pemberian MSG berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kadar estrogen tikus bunting dan pemendekan jarak anogenital pada anak tikus jantan. Disarankan agar ibu hamil menghindari konsumsi MSG dalam dosis tinggi.   Kata kunci: Estrogen, Feminisasi, MSG             ABSTRACT Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been reported to impair ovarian function by inducing the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary, as well as estradiol from ovarian follicles. One indicator of feminization in male offspring is the shortening of the anogenital distance, resembling that of females. This study aimed to analyze the effect of MSG administration on estrogen levels in pregnant rats and feminization in male offspring. This experimental study involved 18 pregnant rats randomly assigned into three groups: control, treatment 1 (MSG 2 mg/g body weight), and treatment 2 (MSG 4 mg/g body weight). The study was conducted for 28 days at the animal house and Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang. Serum estradiol levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA for estradiol levels and the Kruskal–Wallis test for anogenital distance. Results: A significant difference in serum estradiol levels was found between the control and treatment 1 groups (p = 0.012), control and treatment 2 groups (p < 0.001), and treatment 1 and treatment 2 groups (p < 0.001). The Kruskal–Wallis test revealed a significant effect of MSG administration on anogenital distance (p < 0.001). MSG administration affected the increase in estrogen levels in pregnant rats and the shortening of the anogenital distance in male offspring. It is recommended that pregnant women avoid high doses of MSG consumption   Keywords: Estrogen, Feminitation, MSG