Paparan Pestisida Sebagai Faktor Risiko Gangguan Kesehatan pada Petani Hortikultura di Desa Waimital Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat - Ibrahim, Ilyas; Lating, Zulfikar; Makayaino, Hafis; Rumaolat, Wiwi; Sely, Mohammad Dahlan; Sillehu, Sahrir (Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia, 2025)
Latar belakang: Keracunan pestisida masi menjadi masalah kesehatan pada petani, paparan pestisida menimbulkan risiko gangguan kesehatan seperti gangguan sistem syaraf perifer dan sistem syaraf pusat bahkan berakibat kematian, tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis faktor risiko paparan pestisida dengan gangguan kesehatan pada petani hortikultura.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan observasional analitik dengan desain Cross-sectional study, pelaksanaan penelitian pada bulan Juli 2025. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 416 orang yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi kemudian penentuan sampel dengan rumus Lemeshow. Sampel penelitian yaitu 200 petani hortikultura yang aktif menggunakan pestisida. Variabel yang diukur yaitu 17 faktor risiko paparan pestisida yang berhubungan dengan gangguan kesehatan petani. Kuesioner dan lembar observasi digunakan sebagai instrumen penelitian dengan analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji regresi logistik untuk melihat dominan kekuatan hubungan.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menemukan dari 17 faktor risiko terdapat 11 faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan kesehatan yaitu masa kerja p-0,024, pengetahuan p-0,007, sikap p-0,040, APD p-0,031, lama penyemprotan p-0,050, frekuensi p-0,002, cara campur pestisida p-0,034, arah penyemprotan p-0,047, Dosis pestisida p-0,020, merokok sambil kerja p-0,016, personal higyene p-0,039 sementara hasil uji regresi ditemukan 7 faktor yang dominan memiliki kekuatan hubungan yaitu masa kerja p-0,042, frekuensi p-0,027, cara campur p-0,016, isap rokok p-0,026, personal higyene p-0,004, pengetahuan p-0,019, sikap p-0,030.Simpulan: Faktor risiko paparan pestisida yang dominan berhubungan dengan gangguan kesehatan pada petani hortikultura adalah masa kerja, frekuensi penyemprotan, cara mencampur pestisida, kebiasaan merokok saat bekerja, personal hygiene, pengetahuan, dan sikap ABSTRACT Title: Pesticide Exposure as a Risk Factor for Health Problems in Horticultural Farmers in Waimital Village, West Seram RegencyBackground: Pesticide poisoning remains a health problem for farmers. Pesticide exposure poses a risk of health problems, including peripheral and central nervous system disorders, and even death. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for pesticide exposure and health problems in horticultural farmers. Methods: This study used an observational analytical approach with a cross-sectional study design. The study was conducted in July 2025. The study population consisted of 416 people, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then using the Lemeshow formula for sampling. The sample consisted of 200 horticultural farmers who actively use pesticides. The variables measured were 17 risk factors for pesticide exposure associated with farmer health problems. Questionnaires and observation sheets were used as research instruments, with data analysis using the chi-square test and logistic regression to determine the strength of the dominant relationship. Results: The results of the study found that out of 17 risk factors, there were 11 factors related to health problems, namely work period p-0.024, knowledge p-0.007, attitude p-0.040, PPE p-0.031, spraying duration p-0.050, frequency p-0.002, pesticide mixing method p-0.034, spraying direction p-0.047, pesticide dose p-0.020, smoking while working p-0.016, personal hygiene p-0.039 while the results of the regression test found 7 dominant factors that had a strong relationship, namely work period p-0.042, frequency p-0.027, mixing method p-0.016, smoking p-0.026, personal hygiene p-0.004, knowledge p-0.019, attitude p-0.030. Conclusion: The dominant risk factors for pesticide exposure related to health problems in horticultural farmers are length of service, frequency of spraying, method of mixing pesticides, smoking habits while working, personal hygiene, knowledge, and attitude.