PERAN UNITED NATIONS WOMAN DALAM MELINDUNGI PEREMPUAN YANG MENGALAMI KASUS KEKERASAN PADA KONFLIK BERSENJATA NON-INTERNASIONAL DI SUDAN SELATAN - NIM. A1011181268, VELI NOVALIAH (Jurnal Fatwa Hukum, 2024)
Abstract Penelitian ini menganalisis peran United Nations Women dalam melindungi perempuan dari kekerasan selama konflik bersenjata non-internasional di Sudan Selatan. Konflik di negara tersebut telah memicu kekerasan seksual berbasis gender yang diperburuk oleh budaya patriarki dan kondisi sosial-ekonomi yang rentan. Melalui pendekatan kasus dan hukum normatif, serta analisis deskriptif terhadap data dari CEDAW dan sumber sekunder lainnya, penelitian ini menganalisis penyebab dan bentuk kekerasan terhadap perempuan, serta peran UN Women dalam upaya perlindungan dan pemberdayaan mereka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan terhadap perempuan di Sudan Selatan disebabkan oleh budaya patriarki, ketergantungan ekonomi, dan rendahnya pendidikan. Bentuk kekerasan meliputi rudapaksa, penculikan, perbudakan, dan pemaksaan pernikahan. Meski Sudan Selatan telah meratifikasi CEDAW, kekerasan berbasis gender tetap meluas. UN Women berperan dalam meningkatkan kesadaran, dan mendukung kebijakan perlindungan perempuan, meskipun menghadapi hambatan seperti keterbatasan akses, kondisi sosial-budaya, sumber daya yang terbatas, dan ketidakstabilan politik. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan pemberdayaan ekonomi perempuan, peningkatan kesadaran tentang hak-hak perempuan, penguatan mekanisme perlindungan hukum, dan penanganan hambatan implementasi program UN Women. Upaya kolaboratif dari berbagai pemangku kepentingan diperlukan untuk mengurangi kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih aman dan setara di Sudan Selatan. Kata Kunci : Perlindungan Perempuan; United Nations Women; Sudan Selatan Abstrak This research analyzes the role of United Nations Women in protecting women from violence during the non-international armed conflict in South Sudan. The conflict in the country has fueled gender-based sexual violence exacerbated by a patriarchal culture and vulnerable socio-economic conditions. Through case law and normative law approaches, as well as descriptive analysis of data from CEDAW and other secondary sources, this research analyzes the causes and forms of violence against women, as well as UN Women's role in their protection and empowerment. The results show that violence against women in South Sudan is caused by patriarchal culture, economic dependence, and low education. Forms of violence include rape, abduction, slavery, and forced marriage. Although South Sudan has ratified CEDAW, gender-based violence remains widespread. UN Women plays a role in raising awareness, and supporting policies to protect women, despite facing barriers such as limited access, socio-cultural conditions, limited resources, and political instability. This research recommends strengthening women's economic empowerment, raising awareness about women's rights, strengthening legal protection mechanisms, and addressing barriers to UN Women program implementation. Collaborative efforts from various stakeholders are needed to reduce violence against women and create a safer and more equal environment in South Sudan. Keywords: United Nations Women; South Sudan; Women's Protection