TINGKAT KERUSAKAN BERDASARKAN ZONASI HUTAN MANGROVE DI DESA NIPAH PANJANG KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA - Rifanjani, Slamet; Effendi, Fellin Shafira; Wulandari, Reine Suci (JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI, 2024)
Overexploitation threatens the existence of mangrove forests which results in a decrease in the quality of the mangrove ecosystem, especially in Nipah Panjang Village. Damage was caused by logging activities for building construction and firewood. The destruction of mangrove forests results in the loss of   biodiversity and its role, especially mangrove vegetation. The purpose of this study was to obtain a value for the level of damage to mangrove forest vegetation, examine the composition and structure of the vegetation based on the zoning and level of damage to mangrove forests in Nipah Panjang Village, Batu Ampar District, Kubu Raya Regency. The method used is a survey using a combination of lines and checkered lines. The forest area is located at the mouth of the river where there is a mixture of fresh water and salt water (brackish) with a salinity of 16"° - 21"°. The type of substrate is a mud substrate. The composition of the forest found 12 species of true mangroves, Sonnertia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora   mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus moluccensis, Lumnitzera racemosa, Lumnitzera littorea, Excoecaria agallocha, Nypa fruticans. Vegetation density in the 3 zones at the tree level is categorized as damaged or 1000 trees/ha. Rhizophora apiculata as a whole dominates or has the highest Important Value Index (INP) for each growth stage. Dominance tends to be uniform and ecological conditions are stable, species diversity includes moderate to low criteria, species evenness is even, species similarity is categorized as high to very high. The zoning pattern is dominated by Rhizophoraceae.Keywords: Ecosystem, Forest Destruction, Mangrove, Nipah panjang, Zonation PatternAbstrakPemanfaatan berlebihan mengancam keberadaan hutan mangrove yang mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas ekosistem mangrove di Desa Nipah Panjang. Kerusakan disebabkan oleh aktivitas penebangan sebagai konstruksi bangunan dan kayu bakar. Rusaknya hutan mangrove mengakibatkan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati serta perannya terutama vegetasi mangrove. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendapatkan nilai tingkat kerusakan vegetasi hutan mangrove, mengkaji komposisi dan struktur vegetasi berdasarkan zonasi dan tingkat kerusakan hutan mangrove di Desa Nipah Panjang, Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan teknik kombinasi antara jalur dan garis berpetak. Kawasan hutan terletak di muara sungai dimana terjadi campuran antara air tawar dan air asin (payau) dengan salinitas 16"° - 21"°. Jenis substrat merupakan substrat lumpur. Komposisi hutan ditemukan 12 jenis mangrove sejati yaitu Sonnertia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus moluccensis, Lumnitzera racemosa, Lumnitzera littorea, Excoecaria agallocha, Nypa fruticans. Kerapatan vegetasi di 3 zonasi pada tingkat pohon termasuk kategori rusak atau 1000 pohon/ha. Rhizophora apiculata secara keseluruhan mendominasi atau memiliki Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi tiap tingkat pertumbuhan. Dominansi cenderung seragam dan kondisi ekologis stabil, keanekaragaman jenis termasuk kriteria sedang hingga rendah, kemerataan jenis relatif merata, kesamaan jenis termasuk kategori tinggi hingga sangat tinggi. Pola zonasi didominasi Rhizophoraceae.Kata Kunci: Ekosistem, Kerusakan Hutan, Mangrove, Nipah Panjang, Pola Zonasi