PENGARUH KETERLIBATAN TUGAS DOMESTIK DAN TINGKAT STRES DUAL EARNER COUPLE TERHADAP KUALITAS PENGASUHAN ANAK - Lizardi, Jennifer; Puspita, Callista Dian; Karimah, Azka; Kalamillah, Suryo Slamet Kamal; Kusumawardhani, Sri Juwita (JKKP (Jurnal Kesejahteraan Keluarga dan Pendidikan), 2025)
Abstrak Di era saat ini, fenomena pasangan bekerja (dual-earner couple) semakin lazim terjadi di Indonesia. Namun, pasangan ini kerap menghadapi ketidaksetaraan dalam pembagian tanggung jawab domestik yang dapat menimbulkan stres dan memengaruhi kualitas pengasuhan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Partisipan berjumlah 251 responden yang diperoleh melalui teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria dewasa muda (20–40 tahun), pasangan suami-istri yang bekerja, memiliki anak berusia minimal 6 tahun, dan berdomisili di wilayah Jabodetabek. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi kuesioner keterlibatan tugas domestik, kuesioner stres pengasuhan untuk mengukur tingkat stres saat mengasuh anak, serta kuesioner perilaku pengasuhan dengan enam dimensi, yaitu kehangatan emosional, disiplin hukuman, rasa cemas terhadap anak, dukungan otonomi, disiplin permisif, dan disiplin demokratis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan antara keterlibatan tugas domestik dan stres orang tua terhadap keenam dimensi kualitas pengasuhan secara simultan (F=11,578; p<0,001). Kedua variabel independen berkontribusi sebesar 25,2% terhadap kehangatan emosional, 16,2% terhadap disiplin hukuman, 15,4% terhadap dukungan otonomi, 11,4% terhadap kecemasan, 5,6% terhadap disiplin demokratis, dan 2,4% terhadap disiplin permisif. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan bahwa rendahnya keterlibatan tugas domestik dan tingginya tingkat stres pada pasangan dual earner berdampak negatif terhadap kualitas pengasuhan anak. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan kebijakan dan program yang mendukung kesetaraan peran domestik, seperti jam kerja fleksibel, family-friendly policy, serta edukasi mengenai pembagian peran dan manajemen stres keluarga. Abstract In today’s era, the phenomenon of couples who work for a living (dual-earner couples) has become increasingly common in Indonesia. However, these couples often face inequality in the division of domestic responsibilities, which can lead to stress and affect the quality of parenting. This study employed a quantitative approach. Participants consisted of 251 respondents selected using purposive sampling, with the criteria of young adults (aged 20–40 years), married working couples, having at least one child aged six years or older, and residing in the Greater Jakarta area. The instruments used included a domestic task involvement questionnaire, a parenting stress questionnaire to measure stress levels while caring for children, and a parenting behavior questionnaire comprising six dimensions: emotional warmth, punitive discipline, anxiety toward the child, autonomy support, permissive discipline, and democratic discipline. The results showed a significant contribution of domestic task involvement and parental stress to the six dimensions of parenting quality simultaneously (F=11,578; p<0,001). Both independent variables contributed 25,2% to emotional warmth, 16,2% to punitive discipline, 15,4% to autonomy support, 11,4% to anxiety, 5,6% to democratic discipline, and 2,4% to permissive discipline. These findings imply that low involvement in domestic responsibilities and high stress levels among dual-earner couples negatively affect the quality of parenting. Therefore, policies and organizational programs that promote gender equality in domestic roles, such as flexible working hours, family-friendly policies, and public education on role sharing and family stress management are essential to enhance parenting quality.