PENGEMBANGAN VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS INSTRUMEN KETERAMPILAN PASSING PEMBELAJARAN SEPAKBOLA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR - Oman Hadiana (Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan dan Rekreasi (Penjaskesrek), 2026)
Abstract: This study aims to develop and evaluate the validity and reliability of a soccer passing skill assessment instrument for elementary school students. Passing skills are a fundamental component in physical education learning; however, contextually relevant and psychometrically tested instruments remain limited. The research employed a modified Research and Development (R&D) approach based on the Borg and Gall model, consisting of seven stages from needs analysis to final product development. Content validity was assessed using the Content Validity Index (CVI), construct validity through Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (EFA and CFA), and reliability using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), test–retest, and Cronbach’s alpha. The results showed S-CVI = 0.92, CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.054, ICC = 0.91, and α = 0.86, indicating high validity and reliability. The game-based assessment instrument includes three key dimensions technical, tactical, and procedural and is relevant for authentic assessment in elementary physical education learning. Keywords: soccer passing, instrument validity, authentic assessment   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan menguji validitas serta reliabilitas instrumen penilaian keterampilan passing sepak bola untuk siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD). Keterampilan passing merupakan dasar penting dalam pembelajaran PJOK, namun belum tersedia instrumen yang kontekstual dan teruji secara psikometrik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) model Borg and Gall yang dimodifikasi melalui tujuh tahap, mulai dari analisis kebutuhan hingga penyusunan produk akhir. Validitas isi diuji menggunakan Content Validity Index (CVI), validitas konstruk dengan Exploratory dan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA dan CFA), serta reliabilitas melalui Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), test–retest, dan Cronbach’s alpha. Hasil menunjukkan S-CVI = 0.92, CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.054, ICC = 0.91, dan α = 0.86, yang menandakan validitas dan reliabilitas sangat baik. Instrumen berbasis game-based assessment ini mencakup tiga dimensi teknis, taktis, dan prosedural serta relevan untuk asesmen autentik dalam pembelajaran PJOK di sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci: passing sepakbola, validitas instrumen, penilaian autentik