TANGGUNG JAWAB PELAKU USAHA TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI GAS ELPIJI BERSUBSIDI DI KECAMATAN PONTIANAK SELATAN - NIM. A1011221281, REIHAN (Jurnal Fatwa Hukum, 2025)
Abstract The responsibility of subsidized 3 kg LPG gas station operators not only includes the obligation to provide goods, but also to ensure that consumer rights are fulfilled and that distribution is on target. This study examines the responsibility of business actors in the distribution of 3 kg LPG gas in South Pontianak District from the perspective of consumer protection law and energy subsidy policy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of business operators' responsibilities and identify obstacles and efforts to ensure that the distribution of 3 kg LPG complies with legal provisions. The research method used is empirical juridical with a literature study approach and field data collection through interviews with Pertamina, the Cooperative, Micro Business and Trade Agency, depot owners, and consumers. The results of the study show that depots are required to sell at the Maximum Retail Price (HET), distribute to poor households and micro-businesses, and provide compensation for consumer losses. However, some depots still distribute LPG to retailers, causing consumer prices to exceed the maximum retail price and subsidies to not fully reach their target. The main obstacles include low legal awareness, supply patterns from agents, small profit margins, and weak supervision and enforcement of sanctions. This study contributes to strengthening economic laws regarding the responsibility of business actors for the distribution of subsidized goods and recommendations for improving supervision at the regional level. Keywords: Business Actor Responsibility, Consumer Protection, 3 Kg LPG Gas. Abstrak Tanggung jawab pelaku usaha pangkalan gas elpiji 3 Kg bersubsidi tidak hanya mencakup kewajiban menyediakan barang, tetapi juga memastikan terpenuhinya hak-hak konsumen serta penyaluran yang tepat sasaran. Penelitian ini mengkaji tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap distribusi gas elpiji 3 Kg di Kecamatan Pontianak Selatan dari perspektif hukum perlindungan konsumen dan kebijakan subsidi energi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pelaksanaan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha serta mengidentifikasi hambatan dan upaya agar pendistribusian elpiji 3 kg sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan dan pengumpulan data lapangan melalui wawancara dengan pihak Pertamina, Dinas Koperasi, Usaha Mikro dan Perdagangan, pemilik pangkalan, serta konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pangkalan wajib menjual sesuai Harga Eceran Tertinggi (HET), menyalurkan kepada rumah tangga miskin dan pelaku usaha mikro, serta memberikan ganti rugi atas kerugian konsumen. Namun, sebagian pangkalan masih menyalurkan elpiji kepada pengecer sehingga harga di tingkat konsumen melebihi HET dan subsidi tidak sepenuhnya tepat sasaran. Hambatan utama meliputi rendahnya kesadaran hukum, pola suplai dari agen, margin keuntungan kecil, serta lemahnya pengawasan dan penegakan sanksi. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap penguatan hukum ekonomi mengenai tanggung jawab pelaku usaha atas distribusi barang bersubsidi dan rekomendasi peningkatan pengawasan di tingkat daerah. Kata Kunci: Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha, Perlindungan Konsumen, Gas Elpiji 3 Kg.