Analisis Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat di Kecamatan Belopa - Isfa Astutik; Fathurrahman Burhanuddin; Soemitro Emin Praja (Journal of Muhammadiyah’s Application Technology, 2025)
ABSTRAKAlih fungsi lahan pertanian ke non-pertanian di Kecamatan Belopa meningkat seiring pertumbuhan penduduk dan pembangunan permukiman serta infrastruktur, yang berdampak pada berkurangnya lahan pertanian dan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif Deskriptif dengan metode survei. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis spasial deskriptif berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) untuk melihat perubahan penggunaan lahan, serta analisis SWOT untuk merumuskan strategi pengelolaan perubahan pemanfaatan lahan. Hasil analisis spasial menunjukkan bahwa dalam periode 2019–2025 terjadi penurunan luas lahan sawah dari 1027,72 Ha menjadi 982,51 di Kecamatan Belopa yang sebagian besar beralih menjadi kawasan permukiman, tambak, dan infrastruktur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT diperoleh nilai IFAS sebesar 0,60 dan EFAS sebesar 1,04. Nilai tersebut menempatkan posisi Kecamatan Belopa pada Kuadran I (Strategi Agresif/SO), yang menunjukkan bahwa wilayah ini memiliki kekuatan internal yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menghadapi peluang eksternal. Strategi yang direkomendasikan meliputi optimalisasi potensi ekonomi wilayah, pengendalian alih fungsi lahan pertanian secara berkelanjutan, penguatan perlindungan kawasan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan (KP2B), serta pengembangan diversifikasi mata pencaharian masyarakat. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar pertimbangan dalam perumusan kebijakan tata ruang dan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Luwu. Kata Kunci: Perubahan pemanfaatan lahan, lahan pertanian, kondisi sosial ekonomi, IFAS, EFAS, SWOT, Kecamatan Belopa. ABSTRACTThe conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural use in Belopa Subdistrict has increased in line with population growth and the development of settlements and infrastructure, which has resulted in a reduction in agricultural land and the socio-economic conditions of the community. The research method used was a descriptive quantitative approach with a survey method. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis used descriptive spatial analysis based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to observe changes in land use, as well as SWOT analysis to formulate strategies for managing changes in land use. The spatial analysis results show that in the 2019–2025 period, there was a decrease in rice field area from 1027.72 Ha to 982.51 Ha in Belopa District, most of which was converted into residential areas, ponds, and infrastructure. Based on the SWOT analysis results, the IFAS value was 0.60 and the EFAS value was 1.04. These values Placing Belopa District in Quadrant I (Aggressive Strategy/SO) indicates that this region has internal strengths that can be leveraged to address external opportunities. The recommended strategies include optimizing the region's economic potential, controlling the conversion of agricultural land in a sustainable manner, strengthening the protection of sustainable food agricultural areas (KP2B), and developing diversification of community livelihoods. This study is expected to serve as a basis for consideration in the formulation of spatial planning and sustainable development policies in Luwu Regency. Keyworsds: Changes in land use, agricultural land, socioeconomic conditions, IFAS, EFAS, SWOT, Belopa District.