GEOMORFOLOGI DAERAH MEKARMUKTI, KECAMATAN WALURAN, KABUPATEN SUKABUMI, PROVINSI JAWA BARAT - INDONESIA: GEOMORPHOLOGY OF MEKARMUKTI, WALURAN DISTRICT, SUKABUMI REGENCY, WEST JAVA PROVINCE - INDONESIA - Brillianti, Anisha Rizkiana; Pratiwi, Santi Dwi (Journal of Geoscience Engineering and Energy, 2026)
Penelitian ini dilakukan di daerah Mekarmukti, Kecamatan Waluran, Kabupaten Sukabumi, Provinsi Jawa Barat, yang merupakan bagian dari Geopark Ciletuh Palabuhanratu. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara rinci karakteristik satuan geomorfologi yang berkembang serta mengelompokkan persebaran litologi penyusun pada masing-masing satuan geomorfologi. Analisis geomorfologi dilakukan melalui pendekatan penginderaan jauh menggunakan data DEM SRTM yang diolah dengan perangkat lunak ArcGIS serta didukung oleh observasi lapangan untuk pemetaan geomorfologi dan sebaran litologi sesuai kaidah ilmiah guna memadukan hasil interpretasi citra dengan kondisi aktual di lapangan. Kajian geomorfologi dilakukan berdasarkan tiga aspek utama, yaitu morfografi (bentuk lahan dan pola pengaliran), morfometri (kemiringan lereng), serta morfogenetik (proses endogen dan eksogen). Litologi penyusun daerah penelitian terdiri atas endapan sedimen pantai, batupasir tufaan, batupasir, breksi vulkanik, tuf, serta lava basaltik. Secara morfogenetik, wilayah penelitian dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas tektonik dan vulkanik serta proses pelapukan dan erosi. Berdasarkan integrasi ketiga aspek tersebut, daerah Mekarmukti dibagi menjadi empat satuan geomorfologi, yaitu perbukitan rendah struktural curam, perbukitan struktural curam, perbukitan denudasional landai, dan perbukitan denudasional curam. This research was conducted in the Mekarmukti area, Waluran District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java Province, which is part of the Ciletuh Palabuhanratu Geopark. The research aims to identify in detail the characteristics of developing geomorphological units and to classify the distribution of constituent lithology in each geomorphological unit. Geomorphological analysis was carried out through a remote sensing approach using SRTM DEM data processed with ArcGIS software and supported by field observations for geomorphological mapping and lithological distribution according to scientific principles in order to integrate image interpretation results with actual field conditions. Geomorphological assessment is conducted based on three main aspects, namely morphography (landforms and drainage patterns), morphometry (slope gradients), and morphogenetics (endogenous and exogenous processes). The constituent lithology of the research area consists of coastal sediment deposits, tuffaceous sandstone, sandstone, volcanic breccia, tuff, and basaltic lava. In terms of morphogenetics, the study area is affected by tectonic and volcanic activity as well as weathering and erosion processes. Based on the integration of these three aspects, the Mekarmukti area is divided into four geomorphological units, namely steep structural low hills, steep structural hills, gentle denudational hills, and steep denudational hills.