PENGARUH WARNA INTERIOR TERHADAP RESPONS PSIKOLOGIS DAN FISIOLOGIS PENGGUNA RUANG MELALUI TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIS - Aris Oktaviani; Andriyanto Wibisono; Etika Vidyarini (Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE, 2026)
Abstract: Interior color represents a significant environmental stimulus that may influence users’ psychological and physiological conditions within built environments. This study aims to synthesize empirical evidence on the effects of interior color by employing a Systematic Literature Review approach. The literature selection process followed the PRISMA protocol, with database searches conducted in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar for publications between 2015 and 2026. From an initial pool of 147 articles, 20 empirical studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using narrative thematic synthesis. The findings indicate a strong methodological tendency toward experimental studies utilizing virtual simulations, particularly Virtual Reality, which enables precise manipulation of chromatic attributes such as hue, saturation, and brightness. Overall, cool colors such as blue and green are consistently associated with increased psychological relaxation and more stable physiological responses, including higher heart rate variability. In contrast, warm colors such as red and yellow tend to elevate emotional arousal and activate the autonomic nervous system. Users’ responses are further moderated by spatial color configuration, exposure duration, spatial context, and individual characteristics. These findings highlight the importance of strategically applying interior color to support evidence-based design practices that enhance users’ well-being. Keywords: interior color; psychological response; physiological response; built environment; evidence-based design; systematic literature review Abstrak: Warna interior merupakan stimulus visual penting yang berpotensi memengaruhi kondisi psikologis dan fisiologis pengguna ruang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh warna interior melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review. Proses seleksi literatur mengikuti protokol PRISMA dengan penelusuran pada basis data Scopus, PubMed, dan Google Scholar untuk publikasi periode 2015–2026. Dari 147 artikel yang teridentifikasi, sebanyak 20 studi empiris memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan sintesis tematik naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dominasi penggunaan eksperimen berbasis simulasi virtual, khususnya Virtual Reality, yang memungkinkan kontrol presisi terhadap atribut warna seperti hue, saturasi, dan kecerahan. Secara umum, warna dingin seperti biru dan hijau dikaitkan dengan peningkatan relaksasi psikologis serta respons fisiologis yang lebih stabil, termasuk peningkatan heart rate variability. Sebaliknya, warna hangat seperti merah dan kuning cenderung meningkatkan arousal emosional dan aktivasi sistem saraf otonom. Respons pengguna ruang juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor moderator seperti konfigurasi spasial warna, durasi paparan, konteks ruang, dan karakteristik individu. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penerapan warna interior secara strategis dalam mendukung desain berbasis bukti yang berorientasi pada kesejahteraan pengguna ruang. Kata Kunci: Warna interior; respons psikologis; respons fisiologis; lingkungan binaan; desain berbasis bukti; tinjauan literatur sistematis