Kajian Efektivitas Green Infrastructure dalam Mengurangi Risiko Banjir di Kawasan Perkotaan Padat - Muhammad Faizar; Mira Indriani; Yulia Ningsih (Indonesian Journal of Engineering (IJE), 2025)
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas green infrastructure dalam mengurangi risiko banjir di kawasan perkotaan padat melalui pendekatan yang mengintegrasikan aspek hidrologi, spasial, dan sosial. Metode yang digunakan adalah mixed methods dengan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan simulasi Storm Water Management Model untuk mengevaluasi volume limpasan, debit puncak, dan luas genangan, serta analisis spasial berbasis Geographic Information System untuk mengkaji distribusi dan optimasi penempatan green infrastructure. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan melalui survei persepsi masyarakat menggunakan skala Likert untuk mengukur tingkat pemahaman dan partisipasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa green infrastructure mampu menurunkan volume limpasan dan debit puncak secara signifikan pada intensitas hujan rendah hingga sedang, namun efektivitasnya menurun pada hujan ekstrem. Distribusi dan konektivitas elemen green infrastructure terbukti meningkatkan kinerja secara spasial, sementara partisipasi masyarakat berpengaruh terhadap keberlanjutan fungsi. Kombinasi green infrastructure dengan infrastruktur konvensional memberikan hasil paling optimal dalam mengurangi risiko banjir. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan integratif dalam pengelolaan banjir perkotaan yang adaptif dan berkelanjutan. Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of green infrastructure in reducing flood risk in densely populated urban areas through an integrated approach that incorporates hydrological, spatial, and social dimensions. The research employs a mixed methods design, with quantitative analysis conducted using the Storm Water Management Model to evaluate runoff volume, peak discharge, and inundation extent, alongside spatial analysis based on Geographic Information System to assess the distribution and optimization of green infrastructure placement. Qualitative analysis is carried out through a community perception survey using a Likert scale to measure levels of awareness and participation. The results indicate that green infrastructure significantly reduces runoff volume and peak discharge under low to moderate rainfall intensity, although its effectiveness declines during extreme rainfall events. The distribution and connectivity of green infrastructure elements are shown to enhance spatial performance, while community participation influences the sustainability of its functions. The combination of green infrastructure and conventional infrastructure yields the most optimal outcomes in reducing flood risk. This study highlights the importance of an integrative approach in managing urban flooding that is both adaptive and sustainable.