Pengembangan Prototipe Wind Tunnel Open Return Berbasis FDM untuk Praktikum Mekanika Fluida - Kariso Christian; Parabelem Tinno Dolf Rompas; Angmalisang Harrychoon (Edutik : Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, 2026)
ABSTRAK              Keterbatasan fasilitas laboratorium aerodinamika menyebabkan empat topik Rencana Pembelajaran Semester mata kuliah Mekanika Fluida di Program Studi Teknik Mesin Universitas Negeri Manado—pengukuran Bernoulli-pitot, verifikasi persamaan kontinuitas, penentuan bilangan Reynolds, dan distribusi tekanan—selama ini hanya diajarkan secara teoritis. Penelitian Research and Development dengan model ADDIE ini mengembangkan prototipe wind tunnel model open return menggunakan teknologi Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) berfilamen PETG sebagai solusi. Wind tunnel dirancang mengikuti kaidah Barlow, Rae, dan Pope (1999) serta Mehta dan Bradshaw (1979): rasio kontraksi 6:1, sudut diffuser 7°, dan honeycomb heksagonal berporositas ≥0,8, menghasilkan 30 komponen cetak yang dirakit menggunakan sealant silikon. Pengujian pada empat presets motor (45, 57, 68, 80) mengukur kecepatan di tiga titik, RPM, kebisingan, arus, dan tegangan. Hasil menunjukkan kecepatan test section 2,6–5,0 m/s (rasio v_Ts/v_fan 1,22–1,90), bilangan Reynolds 17.568–33.784, daya 36,82–82,30 W, dan kebisingan 57–64 dB (21–28 dB di bawah ambang NIOSH). Presets 68 memberikan stabilitas RPM terbaik (fluktuasi 19,3%) sementara presets 57 memberikan efisiensi energi tertinggi (0,00726 (m/s)/W), sehingga rentang 57–68 ditetapkan sebagai kondisi operasi optimal. Biaya produksi Rp3.588.100 atau 82,9% lebih rendah dari produk komersial (Rp20.954.880). Uji coba pada 25 mahasiswa menunjukkan rerata pretest 51,64 meningkat menjadi posttest 81,4 dengan N-gain kategori sedang pada 96% mahasiswa, dikonfirmasi signifikan melalui uji Wilcoxon (Z=-4,372; p<0,001). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa teknologi FDM merupakan solusi yang layak, terjangkau, dan efektif secara pedagogis untuk pengembangan peralatan laboratorium pendidikan teknik. ABSTRACT              Limited aerodynamic laboratory facilities have caused four Semester Learning Plan topics in the Fluid Mechanics course at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Manado—Bernoulli-pitot measurement, continuity equation verification, Reynolds number determination, and pressure distribution—to be taught purely theoretically. This Research and Development study using the ADDIE model develops an open return wind tunnel prototype using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technology with PETG filament as a solution. The wind tunnel was designed following Barlow, Rae, and Pope (1999) and Mehta and Bradshaw (1979) principles: a 6:1 contraction ratio, 7° diffuser angle, and hexagonal honeycomb with porosity ≥0.8, yielding 30 printed components assembled with silicone sealant. Testing across four motor presets (45, 57, 68, 80) measured velocity at three points, RPM, noise, current, and voltage. Results show test section velocities of 2.6–5.0 m/s (v_Ts/v_fan ratio of 1.22–1.90), Reynolds numbers of 17,568–33,784, power of 36.82–82.30 W, and noise of 57–64 dB (21–28 dB below the NIOSH threshold). Preset 68 provided the best RPM stability (19.3% fluctuation) while preset 57 gave the highest energy efficiency (0.00726 (m/s)/W), establishing the 57–68 range as the optimal operating condition. Production cost of IDR 3,588,100 was 82.9% lower than the commercial equivalent (IDR 20,954,880). A trial with 25 students showed mean pretest scores of 51.64 rising to a posttest mean of 81.4, with 96% of students achieving medium-category N-gain, confirmed significant by the Wilcoxon test (Z=-4.372; p<0.001). This study concludes that FDM technology is a viable, affordable, and pedagogically effective solution for developing engineering education laboratory equipment.