Hubungan Asupan Makronutrien dan Kafein dengan Kadar Gula Darah Sewaktu pada Dewasa Obesitas di Kecamatan Prambon: Association of Macronutrient and Caffeine Intake with Random Blood Sugar Levels Among Obese Adults in Prambon District - Mella Arifah; Anindya Mar’atus Sholikhah (Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains, 2026)
Obesitas merupakan salah satu faktor risiko gangguan metabolisme glukosa yang dapat meningkatkan risiko diabetes melitus tipe 2. Asupan makronutrien dan kafein diketahui berperan dalam regulasi kadar glukosa darah, namun penelitian mengenai hubungannya dengan kadar gula darah sewaktu pada dewasa obesitas masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan asupan makronutrien dan kafein dengan kadar gula darah sewaktu pada dewasa obesitas di Kecamatan Prambon. Penelitian menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada 94 responden usia 19–59 tahun yang dipilih menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Data asupan energi, karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak dikumpulkan menggunakan multiple 24 hour recall, sedangkan asupan kafein menggunakan Caffeine Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Kadar gula darah sewaktu diukur menggunakan glucometer dan dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman Rho. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara asupan energi (p=0,004; r=0,296), karbohidrat (p=0,007; r=0,274), protein (p=0,014; r=0,252), dan kafein (p=0,029; r=-0,225) dengan kadar gula darah sewaktu. Sementara itu, asupan lemak tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,129). Kesimpulannya, terdapat hubungan antara asupan energi, karbohidrat, protein, dan kafein dengan kadar gula darah sewaktu, sedangkan asupan lemak tidak menunjukkan hubungan dengan kadar gula darah sewaktu pada dewasa obesitas di Kecamatan Prambon. ABSTRACT Obesity is a major risk factor for impaired glucose metabolism and may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Macronutrient and caffeine intake are known to influence blood glucose regulation; however, studies examining their association with random blood sugar levels among obese adults remain limited. This study aimed to analyze the association of macronutrient and caffeine intake with random blood sugar levels among obese adults in Prambon District. This observational analytic study employed a cross-sectional design involving 94 obese adults aged 19–59 years selected using quota sampling. Energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake data were collected using multiple 24-hour recalls, while caffeine intake was assessed using a Caffeine Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Random blood sugar levels were measured using a glucometer and analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation test. The results showed significant associations between energy intake (p=0.004; r=0.296), carbohydrate intake (p=0.007; r=0.274), protein intake (p=0.014; r=0.252), and caffeine intake (p=0.029; r=-0.225) with random blood sugar levels. Meanwhile, fat intake was not significantly associated with random blood sugar levels (p=0.129). In conclusion, energy, carbohydrate, protein, and caffeine intake were associated with random blood sugar levels, whereas fat intake was not associated with random blood sugar levels among obese adults in Prambon District.