Model Desain Sistem Informasi Inklusif Berbasis Human Centered Design untuk Mahasiswa Berkebutuhan Khusus - Aan Ansen Andryadi; Ridwan Zulkifli; Ratnasari Ratnasari; Indra Indra; Hendra Purnama; Sri Afriliani; Hasna Maulani Mukarom; Awaluna Nurdilan Rahmadhita (2026)
Abstrak - Transformasi digital di perguruan tinggi menawarkan peluang untuk memperluas akses pendidikan, namun sering kali menyisakan hambatan bagi mahasiswa berkebutuhan khusus (MBK) akibat desain sistem informasi yang tidak inklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model desain sistem informasi akademik inklusif berbasis Human-Centered Design (HCD) yang mengintegrasikan standar aksesibilitas dan mekanisme kolaboratif antar pemangku kepentingan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed-methods (kualitatif dan kuantitatif) mengikuti siklus iteratif ISO 9241-210 yang dilaksanakan di tiga perguruan tinggi negeri di Jawa Tengah dan Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data melibatkan 60 responden yang terdiri dari MBK, dosen, dan staf Unit Layanan Disabilitas (ULD) melalui wawancara mendalam, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), observasi partisipatif, serta survei. Evaluasi teknis dilakukan menggunakan standar WCAG 2.1, sementara evaluasi kegunaan diukur menggunakan System Usability Scale (SUS) dan User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan HCD berhasil mengidentifikasi empat kebutuhan utama: aksesibilitas adaptif, navigasi sederhana, integrasi layanan MBK-Dosen-ULD, dan kompatibilitas teknologi bantu. Prototipe yang dikembangkan mampu menurunkan temuan kritis aksesibilitas sebesar lebih dari 60% sesuai standar WCAG 2.1. Secara kuantitatif, terjadi peningkatan signifikan pada skor SUS dari 54,2 (kategori rendah) pada sistem lama menjadi 85 (kategori Excellent) pada prototipe, serta pencapaian kategori Excellent pada dimensi UEQ. Peningkatan kepuasan pengguna tercatat sebesar 40%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa model desain berbasis HCD efektif dalam menciptakan ekosistem digital yang ramah disabilitas, mengurangi beban kognitif pengguna, serta memfasilitasi interaksi akademik yang lebih adil dan kolaboratif.Kata Kunci: Aksesibilitas Digital; Human-Centered Design (HCD); Mahasiswa Berkebutuhan Khusus; Pendidikan Tinggi; Sistem Informasi Inklusif; Abstract - Digital transformation in higher education offers opportunities to expand educational access, yet often creates barriers for students with special needs (MBK) due to non-inclusive information system designs. This study aims to develop an inclusive academic information system design model based on Human-Centered Design (HCD) that integrates accessibility standards and collaborative mechanisms among stakeholders. This research employed a mixed-methods approach following the iterative cycle of ISO 9241-210, conducted at three state universities in Central Java and Yogyakarta. Data collection involved 60 respondents comprising MBK, lecturers, and Disability Service Unit (ULD) staff through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), participatory observation, and surveys. Technical evaluation was conducted using WCAG 2.1 standards, while usability was measured using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). The results indicate that HCD implementation successfully identified four key needs: adaptive accessibility, simple navigation, MBK-Lecturer-ULD service integration, and assistive technology compatibility. The developed prototype reduced critical accessibility issues by over 60% according to WCAG 2.1 standards. Quantitatively, there was a significant increase in the SUS score from 54.2 (low category) in the legacy system to 85 (Excellent category) in the prototype, along with achieving an Excellent rating across UEQ dimensions. User satisfaction increased by 40%. This study concludes that the HCD-based design model is effective in creating a disability-friendly digital ecosystem, reducing user cognitive load, and facilitating fairer and more collaborative academic interactions.Keywords: Digital Accessibility; Higher Education; Human-Centered Design (HCD); Inclusive Information Systems Students with Special Needs;