Digitalisasi Pelayanan Publik melalui Sistem Online Single Submission (OSS): Studi Kasus Perizinan Usaha di Indonesia: Digitalization of Public Services through the Online Single Submission System (OSS): A Case Study of Business Licensing in Indonesia - Theresia Krisintani; Havestim Julio Haridugan Nomleni (Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains, 2026)
Artikel ini mengkaji proses digitalisasi pelayanan perizinan usaha di Indonesia melalui implementasi sistem Online Single Submission (OSS), platform perizinan terintegrasi berbasis elektronik yang dikelola oleh Kementerian Investasi/Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal (BKPM). Menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur sistematis dengan analisis dokumen kebijakan dan data statistik resmi periode 2020 hingga 2026, penelitian ini menelaah perkembangan, capaian nyata, tantangan, serta prospek sistem OSS dalam kerangka reformasi birokrasi nasional. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa OSS Berbasis Risiko (OSS-RBA) yang diluncurkan pada 9 Agustus 2021 berdasarkan amanat Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap efisiensi dan kemudahan perizinan usaha. Berdasarkan data resmi BKPM, penerbitan Nomor Induk Berusaha (NIB) meningkat dari 613.250 NIB pada sisa 2021 menjadi 2.461.775 NIB pada 2022, menembus 10.000.019 NIB kumulatif per 16 Agustus 2024, dan mencapai 15,4 juta NIB per 25 Februari 2026 dengan lebih dari 96 persen dimiliki pelaku usaha mikro. Pembaruan regulasi melalui PP Nomor 28 Tahun 2025 memperkuat sistem dengan perluasan cakupan dari 16 menjadi 22 sektor, penetapan Service Level Agreement, dan mekanisme fiktif positif. Kendati demikian, implementasi masih menghadapi kendala kesenjangan literasi digital, keterbatasan infrastruktur di daerah terpencil, belum optimalnya integrasi antarsistem, dan kapasitas aparatur yang belum merata. Artikel ini merekomendasikan penguatan pendampingan, perluasan infrastruktur, dan sinergi antarlembaga sebagai prioritas kebijakan. ABSTRACT This article examines the digitalization of business licensing services in Indonesia through the Online Single Submission (OSS) system, an integrated electronic licensing platform managed by the Ministry of Investment/BKPM. Employing a systematic literature review of policy documents and official statistical data from 2020 to 2026, this study analyzes the development, empirical achievements, challenges, and prospects of OSS within the national bureaucratic reform framework. Findings reveal that the Risk-Based OSS (OSS-RBA), officially launched on 9 August 2021 under Job Creation Law Number 11 of 2020, has produced measurable improvements in licensing efficiency and accessibility. According to official BKPM data, Business Identification Number (NIB) issuance grew from 613,250 in 2021 to 2,461,775 in 2022, reached a cumulative 10,000,019 NIBs by 16 August 2024, and climbed to 15.4 million NIBs as of 25 February 2026, with over 96 percent belonging to micro-enterprises. The regulatory update through Government Regulation Number 28 of 2025 expanded sector coverage from 16 to 22, established binding Service Level Agreements, and introduced a positive-fiction mechanism. Nevertheless, implementation continues to face challenges including digital literacy gaps, infrastructure limitations in remote areas, suboptimal inter-system integration, and uneven bureaucratic capacity. This article recommends strengthening facilitation services, expanding digital infrastructure, and enhancing inter-agency synergy as key policy priorities.