Hubungan Tingkat Kecukupan Gizi, Status Gizi dan Pola Menstruasi dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Mahasiswi Gizi Universitas Negeri Surabaya: The Relationship Between Nutritional Adequacy Level, Nutritional Status, and Menstrual Patterns with the Incidence of Anemia Among Nutrition Students at Surabaya State University - Prisma Amanda Syaharani; Ratna Candra Dewi; Cleonara Yanuar Dini; Noor Rohmah Mayasari (Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains, 2026)
Anemia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan pada mahasiswi yang dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kecukupan gizi, status gizi, dan pola menstruasi. Kekurangan asupan energi, protein, dan zat besi serta pola menstruasi yang tidak normal dapat meningkatkan risiko anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan gizi, status gizi, dan pola menstruasi dengan kejadian anemia pada mahasiswi Gizi Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 78 mahasiswi yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data tingkat kecukupan gizi diperoleh menggunakan metode Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), status gizi diukur menggunakan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), pola menstruasi diperoleh melalui kuesioner menstruasi, dan kadar hemoglobin diukur menggunakan alat Easy Touch. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square pada variabel tingkat kecukupan protein dan pola menstruasi, serta uji Fisher's Exact Test pada variabel tingkat kecukupan energi, zat besi dan status gizi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan energi (p = 0,006), protein (p = 0,040), zat besi (p = 0,031) dan pola menstruasi (p = 0,039) dengan kejadian anemia, sedangkan status gizi (p = 1,000) tidak terdapat hubungan dengan kejadian anemia. Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kecukupan gizi dan pola menstruasi berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia, sedangkan status gizi tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada mahasiswi Gizi Universitas Negeri Surabaya. ABSTRACT Anemia remains a health problem among female students, influenced by nutritional adequacy, nutritional status, and menstrual patterns. Insufficient energy, protein, and iron intake, as well as abnormal menstrual patterns, can increase the risk of anemia. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional adequacy, nutritional status, and menstrual patterns with the incidence of anemia in female students of Nutrition Sciences at Surabaya State University. This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study subjects were 78 female students selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data on nutritional adequacy were obtained using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) method, nutritional status was measured using Body Mass Index (BMI), menstrual patterns were obtained through a menstrual questionnaire, and hemoglobin levels were measured using the Easy Touch tool. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test on the variables of protein adequacy and menstrual patterns, and the Fisher's Exact Test on the variables of energy, iron, and nutritional status. The results showed that there was a relationship between the level of energy adequacy (p = 0.006), protein (p = 0.040), iron (p = 0.031) and menstrual patterns (p = 0.039) with the incidence of anemia, while nutritional status (p = 1.000) had no relationship with the incidence of anemia. It was concluded that the level of nutritional adequacy and menstrual patterns were related to the incidence of anemia, while nutritional status was not related to the incidence of anemia in Nutrition students at Surabaya State University.