Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Pemberian Hak Restitusi terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang (Suatu Kajian Komparatif terhadap Putusan Pengadilan): Judicial Considerations in Granting the Right to Restitution for Victims of the Crime of Human Trafficking: A Comparative Study of Court Decisions - Nida Nailah; Zul Akli; Arif Rahman (Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains, 2026)
Setiap korban tindak pidana berat seperti pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, perdagangan orang, dan terorisme wajib mendapatkan kompensasi atau dapat mengajukan restitusi melalui Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban. Pemenuhan hak restitusi merupakan instrumen penting penerapan prinsip keadilan dan perlindungan bagi korban, namun dalam praktiknya permohonan restitusi tidak selalu dikabulkan dalam pertimbangan dan amar putusan hakim sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan hak restitusi, pertimbangan hakim dalam menolak restitusi, serta penerapan prinsip keadilan dan perlindungan hukum bagi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus, serta analisis kualitatif terhadap bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam mengabulkan restitusi hakim tidak semata-mata mempertimbangkan alat bukti, sedangkan pada putusan yang menolak restitusi hakim cenderung berfokus pada penghukuman pelaku sehingga menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan antara dampak yang dialami korban dan konstruksi pertanggungjawaban dalam putusan. Disarankan agar hakim tidak hanya mempertimbangkan alat bukti, tetapi juga aspek viktimologi dan keadilan restoratif agar korban memperoleh pemulihan atas kerugian yang dialami. ABSTRACT Every victim of a serious crime such as human rights violations, human trafficking, and terrorism is entitled to compensation or may file a claim for restitution through the Witness and Victim Protection Agency. The fulfillment of restitution rights is a crucial instrument in applying the principles of justice and victim protection; however, in practice, restitution claims are not always granted in the judge's reasoning and ruling, creating legal uncertainty. This study aims to analyze the enforcement of restitution rights, judicial considerations in denying restitution, and the application of the principles of justice and legal protection for victims of human trafficking. The method used is normative legal research employing statutory and case approaches, with qualitative analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources through a literature review. The results show that in granting restitution judges do not rely solely on evidence, whereas in rulings that deny restitution judges tend to focus on punishing the perpetrator, creating an imbalance between the harm suffered by the victim and the framework of liability in the decision. It is recommended that judges consider not only the evidence but also victimology and restorative justice so that victims may obtain redress for their losses.