Analisis Kualitas Reparasi Kapal dengan Menggunakan Metode Six Sigma pada Galangan Kapal Panggong Aceh Barat - Yulrista Ersada; Muzakir; Heri Tri Irawan (Jurnal Nasional Komputasi dan Teknologi Informasi, 2026)
Abstrak - Kapal berperan penting dalam menunjang aktivitas transportasi, perikanan, dan perdagangan sehingga kualitas kapal, baik pada proses pembangunan maupun reparasi, harus selalu dijaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan meningkatkan kualitas proses pengelasan pada reparasi kapal di Galangan Kapal Panggong, Aceh Barat, dengan menggunakan metode Six Sigma melalui pendekatan DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung, wawancara dengan teknisi dan manajer, serta dokumentasi cacat pada proses replating lambung kapal selama satu tahun pengamatan pada tujuh unit kapal dengan 123 sambungan yang diperiksa. Hasil identifikasi menemukan lima jenis cacat dominan, yaitu porositas (voids), retak las, undercut, incomplete fusion, dan spatter. Pada tahap pengukuran diperoleh rata-rata nilai Defect Per Million Opportunities (DPMO) sebesar 571.428,57 dengan level sigma 1,93, yang menunjukkan kemampuan proses masih rendah dan belum memenuhi standar kualitas industri. Analisis diagram sebab-akibat (fishbone) menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan penyebab cacat berasal dari manusia (operator) dan metode kerja (SOP), diikuti oleh faktor mesin, material, dan lingkungan. Usulan perbaikan yang diberikan difokuskan pada peningkatan kompetensi operator melalui pelatihan, standarisasi prosedur pengelasan, serta perawatan dan kalibrasi mesin secara berkala. Penerapan usulan perbaikan tersebut diharapkan dapat menurunkan tingkat kecacatan, meningkatkan level sigma, dan menjaga keberlanjutan kualitas reparasi kapal di Galangan Kapal Panggong. Kata Kunci: Six Sigma; DMAIC; pengendalian kualitas; pengelasan; reparasi kapal; Abstract - Ships play an important role in supporting transportation, fishery, and trade activities, so ship quality must be maintained during both construction and repair processes. This study aims to analyze and improve the quality of the welding process in ship repair activities at Panggong Shipyard, West Aceh, using the Six Sigma method with the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) approach. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews with technicians and managers, and documentation of defects during the hull replating process over one year of observation on seven ship units with 123 inspected joints. The results identified five dominant types of defects: porosity (voids), weld cracks, undercut, incomplete fusion, and spatter. In the measurement phase, the average Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO) was 571,428.57 with a sigma level of 1.93, indicating that process capability remains low and does not yet meet industrial quality standards. Fishbone diagram analysis revealed that the dominant causes of defects were human factors (operators) and work methods (SOP), followed by machine, material, and environmental factors. The proposed improvements focus on enhancing operator competence through training, standardizing welding procedures, and conducting regular machine maintenance and calibration. Implementation of these improvements is expected to reduce defect rates, increase the sigma level, and sustain the quality of ship repair at Panggong Shipyard. Keywords: Six Sigma; DMAIC; quality control; welding; ship repair;