Agile Leadership Pemerintah Daerah dalam Menghadapi Keterbatasan Fiskal dan Sumber Daya di Era Program Makan Bergizi Gratis - Alisha Azzahra; Mochammad Rozikin (Indonesian Social Science Review, 2026)
The spending efficiency policy outlined in Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 2025, alongside the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meals Program (MBG), presents new challenges for local governments, particularly regarding fiscal constraints and organizational resources. The reduction in Regional Transfer Allocations (TKD) amid increasing demands for national priority programs has the potential to undermine development capacity and public service quality. This study aims to analyze the impact of budget efficiency policies and the implementation of the MBG Program on local government fiscal capacity and to formulate agile leadership strategies as a strategic management approach to address resource constraints. This study employs a qualitative approach with a documentary case study design, analyzing 42 secondary documents comprising government regulations, official reports, academic literature, and credible mass media reports. Data were analyzed using the interactive model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, involving data condensation, data display, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that budget efficiency policies significantly affect local fiscal capacity, human resource management, and infrastructure development. In addressing these conditions, agile leadership is effectively formulated through four key strategic pillars: fiscal agility, lean governance, collaborative value creation, and people-first transformation. This study concludes that agile leadership serves as a responsive strategic leadership model for enhancing local bureaucratic adaptability to maintain public service sustainability amid fiscal pressure. Kebijakan efisiensi belanja melalui Instruksi Presiden Nomor 1 Tahun 2025 serta implementasi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) menimbulkan tantangan baru bagi pemerintah daerah, khususnya terkait keterbatasan fiskal dan sumber daya organisasi. Penurunan alokasi Transfer ke Daerah (TKD) di tengah meningkatnya tuntutan pelaksanaan program prioritas nasional berpotensi mengganggu kapasitas pembangunan dan kualitas pelayanan publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan efisiensi anggaran dan implementasi Program MBG terhadap kapasitas fiskal pemerintah daerah serta merumuskan strategi agile leadership sebagai pendekatan manajemen strategis dalam menghadapi keterbatasan sumber daya. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan desain studi kasus berbasis dokumen (documentary case study) terhadap 42 dokumen sekunder yang mencakup regulasi, laporan resmi pemerintah, literatur akademik, dan berita media kredibel. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña melalui tahap kondensasi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan efisiensi anggaran berdampak signifikan terhadap kapasitas fiskal daerah, pengelolaan sumber daya manusia aparatur, dan pembangunan infrastruktur. Dalam merespons kondisi tersebut, agile leadership terformulasi secara efektif melalui empat pilar strategi utama, yaitu fiscal agility, lean governance, collaborative value creation, dan people-first transformation. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa agile leadership merupakan model kepemimpinan strategis yang responsif dalam meningkatkan adaptabilitas birokrasi daerah guna menjaga keberlanjutan pelayanan publik di tengah tekanan fiskal.