ANALISIS YURIDIS PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM MENJATUHKAN PUTUSAN TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENAMBANGAN TANPA IZIN(Studi Putusan Nomor : 66/PID.SUS-LH/2025/PN MAK) - Akhirman Laia (JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH, 2026)
Abstract: The increasing need for construction materials in Indonesia has triggered the rise of illegal mining practices for C-grade mining using heavy equipment without government supervision. This study aims to determine and understand the application of criminal law and the judge's considerations in handing down decisions against perpetrators of illegal mining crimes in Decision Number 66/Pid.Sus-LH/2025/PN Mak. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and a case approach, using analytical descriptive research types, and qualitative deductive data analysis techniques through literature studies. The main findings of the study indicate that the defendants were legally and convincingly proven to have mined mountain rock and embankment rock using excavators without a valid mining business permit (IUP), where the actions of heavy equipment operators are qualified as a form of participation (Article 55 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code). The panel of judges developed their legal considerations comprehensively by fulfilling the objective-subjective elements of sanctions, as well as integrating the juridical, philosophical, and sociological aspects related to the impact of ecosystem damage. The conclusion of this study confirms that the application of the law in the decision aligns with the principles of legality, legal certainty, justice, and expediency. The implications emphasize the need to strengthen mining legality and integrated oversight to ensure environmental sustainability and sustainable natural resource management.   Keywords: Law, Mining, Illegal   Abstrak: Meningkatnya kebutuhan material konstruksi di Indonesia memicu maraknya praktik penambangan tanpa izin (illegal mining) galian C yang menggunakan alat berat tanpa pengawasan pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami penerapan hukum pidana serta pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penambangan tanpa izin dalam Putusan Nomor 66/Pid.Sus-LH/2025/PN Mak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus, menggunakan tipe penelitian deskriptif analitis, serta teknik analisis data secara kualitatif deduktif melalui studi kepustakaan. Temuan utama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para terdakwa secara sah dan meyakinkan terbukti melakukan penambangan batu gunung dan batu timbunan menggunakan ekskavator tanpa izin usaha pertambangan (IUP) yang berlaku, dimana tindakan operator alat berat dikualifikasikan sebagai bentuk penyertaan (Pasal 55 ayat (1) KUHP). Majelis hakim membangun pertimbangan hukumnya secara komprehensif melalui pemenuhan unsur objektif-subjektif sanksi, serta mengintegrasikan aspek yuridis, filosofis, dan sosiologis terkait dampak kerusakan ekosistem. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa penerapan hukum dalam putusan tersebut telah selaras dengan asas legalitas, kepastian hukum, keadilan, dan kemanfaatan. Implikasinya menekankan perlunya penguatan legalitas pertambangan dan pengawasan terintegrasi untuk menjamin kelestarian lingkungan hidup dan tata kelola sumber daya alam yang berkelanjutan.   Kata Kunci : Hukum, Penambangan, Illegal