Efek antibakteri ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella terhadap jumlah koloni Streptococcus sp.Antibacterial effect of the rosella flower extract towards the Streptococcus sp. colonies - Unita, Lisna; Singarimbun, Esterlina (Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran, 2018)
Pendahuluan: Tanaman herbal rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) mempunyai manfaat dalam bidang kesehatan, terutama pada bagian kelopak bunganya (sepal) yang merupakan bagian komersial. Tanaman ini memiliki aktivitas antibakterial dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri gram positif dan bakteri gram negatif. Ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri gram positif yaitu pada bakteri Streptococcus sp. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jumlah koloni Streptococcus sp. dari beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Metode: Eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan Post Test Only Control Group Design dan terdiri atas 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (konsentrasi 40%, 20%, 10%, dan 5%) serta kelompok kontrol negatif (DMSO). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan 5 kali pengulangan. Penghitungan jumlah koloni Streptococcus sp. menggunakan metode TPC (Total Plate Count) pada media Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Kruskal Wallis (p<0,05) dilanjutkan dengan LSD. Hasil: Berdasarkan uji LSD, terdapat perbedaan jumlah koloni Streptococcus sp. dari setiap kelompok perlakuan. Ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) pada konsentrasi 40%, 20%, dan 10% memiliki rata-rata jumlah koloni yang sama 0 ± 0. Konsentrasi 5% rata-ratanya 60,60 ± 33,299, pada kelompok kontrol (DMSO) 1013,80 ± 430,667 dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara jumlah koloni Streptococcus sp. dari konsentrasi 40%, 20%, 10% dan 5% dengan DMSO; dimana nilai p = 0,0001. Simpulan: Konsentrasi 5% menunjukkan nilai KHM sedangkan pada konsentrasi 10% menunjukkan nilai KBM dari ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella terhadap Streptococcus sp. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Roselle herbs plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) can be used in medical field, especially in the petals which are the commercial parts. This plant has an antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The extract ethanol of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has an antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria which is Streptococcus sp. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of Streptococcus sp. colonies from several concentrations of roselle petal extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory with Post Test Only Control Group Design and consist of 5 treatment groups, which was roselle petal extract group (concentration 40%, 20%, 10%, and 5%) and negative control group (DMSO). Each treatment is done with 5 times repetition. Number of Streptococcus sp. colonies was count using TPC (Total Plate Count) method on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media. Data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test (p<0,05) followed by LSD test. Results: Based on LSD test showed that there is a difference of number of Streptococcus sp. colonies for each treatment group. The extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) at 40%, 20%, and 10% concentrations had the same average number of colonies, which was 0 ± 0. The averaae number of colonies in 5% concentration was 60.60 ± 33.299, and in the control group (DMSO) was 1013.80 ± 430,667 and there was a significant difference (p <.05) between number of Streptococcus sp. colonies from 40%, 20%, 10% and 5% concentrations with DMSO; where p value = .0001. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study was found roselle petals extract with 5% concentration shows the MIC value while 10% concentration shows the MBC value against Streptococcus sp.Keywords: Colonies, roselle, Streptococcus sp.