ANALISIS PERUBAHAN KOMPONEN MEDAN MAGNET BUMI PADA SAAT GERHANA MATAHARI TOTAL 9 MARET 2016 DI TERNATE - Anton Winarko; Mamat Ruhimat; Mochamad Andi Aris Biyantoro; Sulimin Sulimin; Suwardi Suwardi (Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya, 2016)
Abstrak Gerhana Matahari Total (GMT) selain berdampak secara visual, namun juga berdampak pada cuaca antariksa, karena matahari sebagai sumber plasma angin surya yang menggerakkan cuaca antariksa untuk sementara akan terhalang oleh Bulan. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh GMT terhadap medan magnet Bumi, dilakukan pengamatan terhadap variasi harian geomagnet di Ternate sebagai salah satu lokasi totalitas Gerhana Matahari Total 9 Maret 2016, dan dibandingkan dengan keadaan pada hari tenang. Perubahan yang teramati berupa penurunan medan magnet total dan penurunan komponen X, Y dan D sementara pola komponen Z dan Inklinasi, tidak teramati perubahan yang jelas. Hal ini serupa namun sedikit berbeda dengan studi sebelumnya di lintang tinggi dan menengah, pengaruh GMT terhadap medan geomagnet dikarenakan penurunan tingkat elektron di ionosfer serta penurunan densitas arus ionosfer. Kata-kata kunci: komponen geomagnet, variasi harian geomagnet, Gerhana Matahari Total 2016, Ternate. Abstract Apart from its visual impact, total solar eclipse also has an impact on space weather system as well due to the sun as the source of the solar wind plasma which drives space weather is temporarily obstructed by the Moon. To understand total solar eclipse effect to Earth’s magnetic field, observation of the geomagnetic daily variations has been conducted in Ternate as one of the locations of Total Solar Eclipse event on March 9th, 2016, and compared to the condition on a quiet day. Changes is observed as a decrease of the total magnetic field and a decrease in the X, Y and D components while Z and I components seem unclear. This is similar but slightly different with previous studies in the high and middle latitudes, the effect GMT on geomagnetic field due to decreased levels of electrons in the ionosphere as well as a decrease in the current density of the ionosphere. Keywords: Geomagnetic components, geomagnetic daily variations, Total Solar Eclipse of 2016, Ternate.