KIAT USAHA PENGRAJIN TEMPE DAN BURUH PEREMPUANNYA AKIBAT KENAIKAN HARGA KEDELAI DI KECAMATAN KEMBARAN KABUPATEN BANYUMAS - W, Djaniah; N., Dyah Ethika (Agrin, 2010)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1). Usaha yang dilakukan pengrajin tempe dan buruhperempuannya akibat kenaikan harga kedelai di Desa Pliken Kecamatan Kembaran. 2). Tingkat penyerapantenaga kerja buruh perempuan dan upah yang diterima pada pengrajin tempe di Desa Pliken kecamatanKembaran. 3).Harga pokok produksi per unit industri tempe dan harga faktor produksi yang digunakan di DesaPliken Kecamatan Kembaran akibat kenaikan harga kedelai. 4). Biaya dan pendapatan usaha industri tempe diDesa Pliken Kecamatan Kembaran akibat kenaikan harga kedelai. Metode dasar dalam penelitian ini adalahmetode survai. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Pliken Kecamatan Kembaran, Kabupaten Banyumas. Unit samplingyang diambil adalah pengrajin tempe dan buruh wanitanya. Pengambilan sampel pengrajin tempe dilakukandengan metode Simple Random Sampling diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 31 pengrajin tempe. Hasilpenelitian menunjukan bahwa akibat kenaikan harga kedelai pengrajin tetap menjual tempe dengan harga yangsama tetapi ukuran tempe diperkecil atau mengurangi isi per bungkus; sebagian pengrajin menggunakancampuran singkong; mengurangi jumlah jam tenaga kerja luar keluarga; menaikkan harga jual tempe. 70 persenburuh wanita masih bekerja sebagai pembungkus tempe dan 30 persen menambah pekerjaan lain sebagai buruhtani atau berdagang. Upah tenaga kerja dihitung dengan satuan HOK, rata-rata kerja 4 jam/hari. Buruh wanitayang bekerja pada tiap pengrajin rata rata 3 orang, denga memperoleh upah rata-rata Rp6000,00 /hari. Hargapokok produksi variabel per proses produksi sebesar Rp4.608.000,00. Penerimaan per proses produksi sebesarRp12.972.602,00 harga pokok produksi variabel selama bulan Juni 2008 sebesar Rp58.490.000,00. Penerimaanselama bulan Juni 2008 Rp379.188.060,00. Harga pokok produksi per unit tidak dapat diketahui karena bentukproduk tempe yang beragam, sampai 18 bentuk kemasan, namun harga rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar Rp263,00per unit. Rata-rata pendapatan pengrajin Rp225.061,00 per proses produksi. Rata-rata pendapatan selama bulanJuni 2008 sebanyak Rp6.643.877,00.Kata kunci: pengrajin tempe, buruh wanita, kenaikan harga kedelai ABSTRACTThis research intent to: 1 ). Effort that done by tempe's worker and its female labor and its effort aftereffect of increase of price soybean at Kembaran's district. 2 ). Increase labors laboring absorption female andaccepted pay on tempe's worker at Pliken Village Kembaran District. 3 ). Cost of goods manufacture pertempe's industrial unit and production factor price that is utilized at Kembaran's District after effect of increaseof price soybean. 4 ). Cost and tempe's industry operating revenues Kembaran's District after effect of increaseof price soybean. Basic method in observational it is methodic survai. Research is done at Pliken VillageKembaran District, Banyumas Regency. Sampling unit that is taken is producer tempe and its woman labour.Farmer sample take did by method Simple Random is Sampling gotten total sample as much 31 tempe's worker.Observational result that Effort that done by tempe's worker and its effort after effect of increase of pricesoybean is fixed sells at the price same but size tempe is minimized or reduces content per packages tempe;partly worker utilizes cassava mixture; reduce total fieldwork energy hour family; raising tempe's sell price.Female labor tempe 70 percent, still working as tempe's packer and 30 percent adds other works as field handor seller. Labor pay to be accounted by man days, with averagely job 4 hours / days. Working woman laboron every producer average 3 person, averagely get Rp6000,00. Variable cost of goods manufacture perprocesses as big as Rp 4.608.000,00. Acceptance per production process as big as Rp12.972.602,00 variableCost Of Goods Manufacture up to month of June 2008 as big as Rp 58.490.000,00. Acceptance up to month ofJune 2008 Rp379.188.060,00. Cost of goods manufacture per unknowledgeable unit because tempe's productform that medley, until 18 pack forms, but overall average cost as big as Rp263,00 about unit. Averagelypropertied producer Rp225.061,00 about production process. Averagely propertied up to month of June 2008 asmuch Rp6.643.877,00.Key word : tempe′s worker, women labour, dan increase of price soybean