ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL TIONGHOA: TINJAUAN TERHADAP IDENTITAS, KARAKTER BUDAYA DAN EKSISTENSINYA - Khaliesh, Hamdil (LANGKAU BETANG: JURNAL ARSITEKTUR, 2014)
Budaya merupakan sebuah proses perkembangan pola pikir yang terjadi secara bertahapÂ dalam waktu yang lama. Proses ini terjadi selama manusia ada dan terus Â berkembangÂ sesuai dengan Â pengembangan wawasan keilmuan. Setting lingkungan merupakan salahÂ satu faktor yang berperan kuat dalam pembentukan karakter budaya. Tionghoa merupakanÂ etnis yang Â banyak melakukan perpindahan ke daerah lain termasuk diantaranya daerahÂ barat dan asia, baik dengan hubungan perdagangan maupun ekspedisi. Saat ini, banyakÂ ditemukan daerah Â Permukiman Tionghoa di beberapa tempat, sebut saja Â Pecinan atauÂ China town. Namun yang menarik adalah perbedaan tempat dan lingkungan tersebut tidakÂ membuat eksistensi Budaya Tionghoa memudar. Dari sekian banyak karakter budayaÂ Tionghoa, yang paling menonjol adalah bentuk arsitekturnya. Hal ini terjadi karena bentukÂ budaya yang paling mudah dilihat adalah bentuk fisiknya dalam hal ini Â arsitekturÂ bangunannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi bagaimana Budaya Tionghoa dapatÂ bertahan dengan eksistensi nilai arsitektur bangunannya. Pemahaman terhadap karakteristikÂ Arsitektur Tionghoa menjadi sangat penting dalam Â memahami perkembangan budayanya.Â Penelitian ini dibatasi pada ruang lingkup arsitektur tradisional. Pemilihan wilayah studi jugaÂ berkaitan dengan Â perbandingan Arsitektur Â Tionghoa pada budaya barat dan timur.Â Interpretasi deskriptif berdasarkan persamaan dan perbedaan arsitektur Â bangunan Â akanÂ menjelaskan bagaimana Etnis Tionghoa mampu meminimalisir pengaruh budaya lainÂ terhadap karakter arsitekturnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan identitas arsitektur tradisionalÂ Tionghoa Â terbentuk Â dengan konsistensi terhadap Â nilai kepercayaanya. Sementara Â kepercayaan adalah landasan utama yang membentuk Kebudayaan Tionghoa. Oleh karenaÂ itu, Â refleksi eksistensi Budaya Tionghoa akan berimplikasi terhadap eksistensi identitasÂ arsitekturnyaÂ Culture is a process of mindset development that occur gradually over a long time. This process occurs during human life on earth and continue to evolve in accordance with the development of scientific knowledge. The environment setting is one of the factors that play a strong role in shaping the cultural character. Chinese is ethnic which has a lot of migration to other areas such as western and asian regions, either by trading or expedition. Currently, Â many Chinese settlement areas are found in several places, called Pechinan or China town. The interesting one is the difference of environment where they live does not make the existence of their culture are fade. From several characters of Chinese culture, the most prominent is the architecture. This happens because of cultural forms is most easily seen in form of physical or architecture of the building. 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