KARAKTERISASI AKSESI DURIAN LOKAL KOLEKSI HORTIMART AGRO CENTRE JAWA TENGAH MENGGUNAKAN PENANDA MOLEKULER INTER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEATS (ISSR) - Ahmad Solikin; Amin Retnoningsih; Enni S. Rahayu (Floribunda, 2017)
Ahmad Solikin, Amin Retnoningsih & Enni S. Rahayu. 2017. Characterization of Local Durian Accession Collected Hortimart Agro Centre, Central Java Using Molecular Markers Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR). Floribunda 5(7): 267–276. — The lack of morphological markers encourage the use of other markers that are considered more accurate, i.e molecular markers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the genetic diversity as well as determine the identity of the local durian accession collection of Hortimart Agro Centre, Central Java. Leaves of 41 durian accessions were isolated using CTAB method. DNA amplification was conducted with four primers of ISSR PKBT and the results were separated by agarose gel. Data were analyzed using NTSYSpc program version 2: 02. The results showed that DNA amplification using four primers of ISSR BKPT yielded 66 polymorphic bands. The results of the analysis showed that the genetic diversity of local durians of Hortimart collection is high because 100% of polymorphic DNA bands with variations of size 250–1500 bp. No local durian accession was found to have the same DNA100% profile, although four pairs of accessions were known to have a 96% high similarity. Five accessions, namely Petruk 2, Ontoseno, Semar, Arjuno, and Gondomono have specific DNA bands. The only accession of durian apart from the other group is Gondomono because it has only one band on ISSR PKBT 8 with size 750 bp which is not owned by other accession. However, dendrograms showed that no identities that are 100% equal so that eachDNA band profile can be the identity of each durian accession.Keywords: Durio zibethinus, molecular marker, genetic diversity.Ahmad Solikin, Amin Retnoningsih & Enni S. Rahayu. 2017. Karakterisasi Aksesi Durian Lokal Koleksi Hortimart Agro Centre Jawa Tengah Menggunakan Penanda Molekuler Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR). Floribunda 5(7): 267–276. — Keterbatasan ciri morfologi mendorong penggunaan penanda lain yang dipandang lebih akurat, yaitu penanda molekuler. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keanekaragaman genetika sekaligus menentukan identitas aksesi durian lokal koleksi Hortimart Agro Centre, Bawen, Jawa Tengah. Daun 41 aksesi durian diisolasi menggunakan metode CTAB. Amplifikasi DNA dilakukan dengan empat primer ISSR PKBT dan hasilnya dipisahkan melalui gel agarose. Data dianalisis menggunakan program NTSYSpc versi 2:02. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa amplifikasi DNA menggunakan empat primer ISSR BKPT menghasilkan 66 pita polimorfik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman genetika durian lokal koleksi Hortimart tergolong tinggi karena 100% pita DNA polimorfik dengan variasi ukuran 250–1500 bp. Tidak ditemukan aksesi durian lokal yang memiliki profil DNA100% sama, meskipun empat pasang aksesi diketahui memiliki kemiripan tinggi 96%. Lima aksesi, yakni Petruk 2, Ontoseno, Semar, Arjuno, dan Gondomono memiliki pita DNA spesifik. Satu-satunya aksesi durian yang terpisah dari kelompok lainnya adalah Gondomono karena hanya memiliki satu pita pada ISSR PKBT 8 dengan ukuran 750 bp yang tidak dimiliki aksesi yang lain. Meskipun demikian, dendrogram memperlihatkan tidak ada identitas yang 100% sama sehingga setiap profil pita DNA dapat menjadi identitassetiap aksesi durian.  Kata kunci:  Durio zibethinus, penanda molekuler, keanekaragaman genetika.