TASAWUF DI TENGAH PERUBAHAN SOSIAL (Studi tentang Peran Tarekat dalam Dinamika Sosial-Politik di Indonesia) - Syamsun Ni’am (Harmoni, 2016)
Sufism – especially tarekat in Indonesia – in its long story has experienced dynamic development. At the early stage of its development, Sufism aimed to lead people to individual piety, to approach the only God, as a response and critique of the widespread deviation based on social-politic conditions committed by the authorities. Then it develops to become a social-political force and supporter of economic force to oppose tyrannical authorities. So Sufism (or tarekat) as if it became a popular religion which continuously develops in the community. In this case, sufism is then not regarded as static and conservative teaching system and religious practice. But it has the dynamic role in developing the world, included in Indonesia.