Sifat Fisika dan Hasil Kedelai (Glycine max L) pada Tanah Terkompaksi Akibat Cacing Tanah dan Bahan Organik - Marzuki Marzuki; Sufardi Sufardi; Manfarizah Manfarizah (Program Studi Magister Konservasi Sumberdaya Lahan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Syiah Kuala, 2012)
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perubahan sifat fisika dan kimia tanah, serta pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai akibat pemberian cacing tanah dan bahan organik berbeda jenis pada tanah terkompaksi. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok yang terdiri atas 2 faktor yaitu takaran cacing tanah dan jenis bahan organik. Parameter yang diamati meliputi: (1) sifat fisika Tanah, (2) sifat kimia tanah, (3) pertumbuhan, dan (4) hasil kedelai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Interaksi takaran cacing tanah pada berbagai jenis bahan organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan permeabilitas tanah, indeks stabilitas agregat tanah, dan terhadap penurunan berat volume tanah, peningkatan total porositas tanah, dan kadar air tanah pada pF 2,54. Interaksi takaran pemberian cacing tanah pada berbagai jenis bahan organik berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap peningkatan pH H2O tanah, P-tersedia tanah, dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan pH KCl tanah, C-organik tanah, N-total tanah, Ca-dd tanah, dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan K-dd tanah, Mg-dd tanah, dan KTK tanah. Nilai terbaik terhadap perubahan sifat fisika dan kimia tanah dijumpai pada takaran pemberian cacing tanah 20 g per plot di jenis bahan organik jerami padi. Interaksi takaran pemberian cacing tanah pada berbagai jenis bahan organik berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah polong berisi, berat biji per plot, dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 15 HST, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah polong hampa, dan berat 100 biji, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 30 dan 45 HST. Nilai terbaik berat biji per plot kedelai dijumpai pada takaran cacing tanah 27,65 g per plot pada jenis bahan organik jerami padi.Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L) in Compacted Soil Due to Provision of Earthworm and Organic MatterAbstract. This study was aimed at assessment of changes in soil chemical and physical properties, as well as growth and yield of soybean due to provision of earthworm and organic matter on compacted soil. The experiment used a randomized complete block design, consisting of two factors, i.e. dosage of earthworm and type of organic matter. Variables observed included three aspects: (1) Soil physical properties, (2) soil chemical properties, and (3) growth and yield of soybean. The results showed that interactions between dosage of earthworms and type of organic matter were highly significant on soil permeability, soil aggregate stability index, and only significant on soil volume weight, total soil porosity and soil water content at pF 2.54 , but not significant on soil water content at pF 4.2. Similarly, interactions between dosage of earthworm and type of organic matter were also highly significant on soil pH H2O, P-available, and just significant on soil pH KCl, C organic, total N, Ca-exchangeable, and not significant on K- exchangeable, Mg-exchangeable, and soil CEC. The best value of changes in soil physical and chemical properties was found at dosage of 20 g earthworm per plot in a type of organic rice straw. Interactions between dosage of earthworm and type of organic matter were highly significant on number of pods, seed weight per plot, and just significant on plant height 15 day after planting (DAP), number of productive branches, number of empty pods, and 100 seed weight, but not significant on plant height of 30 and 45 DAP. The best weight of soybean seeds per plot was found at dosage of earthworms 27.65 g per plot and a type of organic rice straw.