Seleksi Jenis Bunga untuk Produksi Mutu Minyak Mawar - - Yulianingsih; Dwi Amiarsih; Ridwan Tahir; Sabari Sosro Diharjo (Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development, 2006)
ABSTRAK. Mawar yang banyak ditanam petani mempunyai potensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan minyak bunga yang dapat meningkatkan manfaat dan nilai tambah bunga, yang selama ini hanya digunakan sebagai bunga segar dan bunga tabur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan jenis mawar yang tepat dalam upaya mendapatkan concrete dan minyak mawar berkadar tinggi dengan mutu prima. Bunga mawar diekstraksi dengan pelarut heksan, perendaman, dan pengadukan. Perbandingan bunga dan pelarut 1:2 dengan lama ekstraksi 12 jam. Pengambilan filtrat melalui penyaringan dan pemerasan. Ekstrak dievaporasi vakum untuk mendapatkan concrete. Concrete yang diperoleh diekstrak dengan etanol 96% dan diuapkan kembali untuk mendapatkan minyak. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap rendemen concrete, minyak, indeks bias, dan komposisi kimiawi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis mawar Americana Beauty menghasilkan rendemen concrete dan absolut tertinggi, yaitu 0,14% dan 0,06%. Nilai indeks bias tertinggi dimiliki jenis mawar putih tabur (1,45-1,47). Komponen utama penyusun absolut mawar adalah fenil etil alkohol, sitronellol, dan geraniol. Pada mawar Americana Beauty didominasi senyawa metil eugenol.ABSTRACT. Yulianingsih, D. Amiarsi, R. Tahir, and Sabari S.D. 2006. Selection of roses for producing good quality of rose oil. Roses flower is potential for producing rose oil for product diversivication and for increasing its value added which usually just used as cutflower and grave yard flower. The objective of this research was to determine kinds of rose varieties (Local Red Rose, Local White Rose, Americana Beauty, and Holland Red Rose) for producing good quality and quantity of concrete/absolute. Rose flowers were extracted by dipping flower in to hexane solution for 12 hours. Ratio of flower and solvent was 1:2. Solution was harvested by filtering and manual pressing. Solution was vacuum evaporated to produce concrete, from which absolute would be produced by dissolving in ethanol 96% followed by vacuum evaporation. Observations were done on rendemen of concrete and absolutes, refraction index, and chemical composition of absolutes. The experiment was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design with 3 replications. The results showed that Americana Beauty variety gave the highest rendemen of concrete and absolutes of rose i.e. 0.14% and 0.06% respectively. The highest refraction index was found in Local White Rose (1.45-1.47). The specific components in absolute rose oil were fenyl ethyl alcohol, citronellol, and geraniol. While methyl eugenol was a dominantly found in absolute oil of Americana Beauty roses.