PERPADUAN SERAT DAUN NANAS (ANANAS COMOSUS) DAN KITOSAN SEBAGAI MATERIAL ALAT PENANGKAPAN IKAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN (Combination of Pineapple Leaf Fiber and Chitosan for Eco-Friendly Fishing Gear Materials) - Muth Mainnah; . Diniah; Budhi Hascaryo Iskandar (Bogor Agricultural University, 2016)
ABSTRACTThe utilization of pineapple leaf materialfiber for an alternative fishing gear is a step of development to create eco-friendly fishing gear material. The pineapple leaf fib er was observed based on mechanical (breaking strength and elongation value) and physical characteristics (water contents and specific weight) to learn about force of its fiber as natural material for the fishing gear. There were two methods used in this study, such as concentrates factor and soaking time in chitosan. Chitosan concentrates and soaking times in respectively were 1, 1.5, 2% and 15, 30, 45 minutes. The test of mechanical and physical characteristic had been done in Engineering and Design of Wood Building Laboratory, Department of Engineering, Forest Product, Forestry Faculty, Bogor Agricultural University, then for the breaking strength and elongation value used Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The data were analyzed by Completely Randomize Factorial Design (CRFD). The results showed that pineapple leaf fiber consist of 1.095% of water contents and 1.005 for specific weight. Statistical analysis proved that breaking strength value of pineapple leaf fibers was affected by soaking time in chitosan. The best result of the breaking strength test was when the fiber soaked in chitosan with concentrate 1 % during 45 minutes with amount of breaking strength and elongation 34.84 kgf and 0.60 mm.Keywords: breaking strength, chitosan, elongation, pineapple leaf fiber ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan serat daun nanas untuk bahan alat penangkapan ikan merupakan langkah pengembangan material yang ramah lingkungan. Serat daun nanas tersebutdiamati berdasarkan sifat fisis (kadar air dan berat jenis) dan mekanis (kekuatan putus dan kemuluran serat) yang ditujukan untuk mengetahui kekuatan serat sebagai material alami untuk alat penangkapan ikan. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu faktor konsentrasi dan lama pencelupan dalam kitosan. Konsentrasi kitosan yang digunakan yaitu 1, 1,5 dan 2% dan lama pencelupan dalam kitosan 15, 30 dan 45 menit.Pengujian sifat fisis dan mekanis dilakukan di Laboratorium Rekayasa dan Desain Bangunan Kayu, Departemen Teknik Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, lalu untuk kekuatan putus dan kemuluran serat menggunakan Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Data dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF). Hasil menunjukan bahwa serat daun nanas memiliki kadar air dan berat jenis rata-rata 1,095% dan 1,005. Analisis statistik membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh lama pencelupan serat di dalam kitosan terhadap kekuatan putus serat daun nanas, uji kekuatan putus dengan perlakuan terbaik yang diberikan terhadap serat daun nanas, yaitu serat nanas yang direndam dalam kitosan 1% selama 45 menit dengan nilai kekuatan putus sebesar 34,84 kgf dan kemuluran 0,60 mm.Kata kunci: kekuatan putus, kitosan, kemuluran, serat daun nanas