PRODUKSI BIOHIDROGEN DARI HIDROLISAT AMPAS TAHU SECARA FERMENTASI ANAEROB MENGGUNAKAN KULTUR CAMPURAN - Amir Husin; Sarto Sarto; Siti Syamsiah; Imam Prasetyo (Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University, 2014)
Ampas tahu merupakan produk samping industri pengolahan tahu berbahan dasar kacang kedelai (Glysine max.). Dalam studi ini, ampas tahu yang telah mengalami perlakuan-awal dengan metode yang berbeda dikonversi menjadi hidrogen menggunakan kultur campuran. Pengaruh perlakuan-awal asam satu-tahap (0,5% dan 10% berat HCl) dan dua-tahap (tahap I 0,5% dan tahap II 10% berat HCl) terhadap sakarifikasi ampas tahu juga diinvestigasi. Lebih lanjut, pengaruh perlakuan awal asam satu-tahap maupun dua-tahap terhadap produksi hidrogen dan efisiensi degradasi gula tereduksi dibandingkan. Yield total gula-tereduksi 503,73 mg/g ampas tahu diperoleh dari perlakuan-awal asam dua-tahap. Nilai ini kurang lebih 4 kali lebih tinggi dibanding hasil dari perlakuan-awal asam satu-tahap menggunakan 0,5% berat HCl. Studi produksi biohidrogen dilakukan secara batch menggunakan kultur campuran dengan kondisi reaksi 35oC dan pH awal 6,5, Hasil percobaan menunjukkan, bahwa yield hidrogen kumulatif maksimum 0,928 mmol/g ampas tahu diperoleh dari perlakuan asam dua-tahap atau meningkat 1,8 kali dibanding perlakuan satu-tahap menggunakan 0,5% berat HCl. Key words : ampas tahu, perlakuan asam, produksi hidrogen Abstract Tofu solid waste is one of the by-products of tofu-processing industry. In this study, batch experiments were carried out to convert tofu solid waste pretreated by different methods into hydrogen using mixed culture. The effects of one-stage (0.5% or 10% HCl) and two-stage (first stage 0.5% HCl) and second stage 10% HCl) pretreatments on the saccharification of tofu solid waste were also studied. Furthermore, the effects of and/or two- stages acid pretreatments on hydrogen production and degradation efficiencies the reducing-sugar (RS) were compared. A maximum total RS yield of 503.73 mg/g-tofu solid waste was obtained from substrate pretreated with two-stages method. It was approximately 4-fold greater than that from substrate pretreated with one-stage method using 0.5% wt HCl. At the reaction condition of 35oC, initial pH = 6.5, and RS concentration based on 2 grams of tofu solid waste pretreated, a maximum cumulative hydrogen yield was 0.928 mmol/g-tofu solid waste from substrate pretreated with two-stages method. It was approximately 1.8-fold greater than that from substrate pretreated with one-stage method using 0.5% wt HCl. The results show that two-stage acid preteatment can enhancing the amount of reducing sugar in the mixture and hydrogen yield from tofu solid wastes.