PERFORMA PRODUKSI IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) YANG DIPELIHARA DENGAN SISTEM BIOFILTER AKUAPONIK DAN KONVENSIONAL - Wicaksana, Satria Nawa; Hastuti, Sri; Arini, Endang (Journal of Aquaculture Management and Technology, 2015)
Kenaikan produksi budidaya di Indonesia diupayakan dengan memanfaatkan lahan secara optimal. Budidaya sistem tertutup akan memproduksi limbah dari hasil metabolisme yang secara berkelanjutan mencapai level yang beracun bagi ikan. Salah satu upaya untuk menanggulangi masalah tersebut yaitu pengelolaan lingkungan budidaya dengan sistem biofilter akuaponik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui performa produksi seperti pertumbuhan, kelulushidupan ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus), pertumbuhan kangkung dan mengetahui efektivitas sistem biofilter akuaponik terhadap penurunan amonia. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2014–Maret 2015 di Laboratorium Budidaya Perairan, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Variabel yang dikaji meliputi laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) (%bobot/hari), biomassa mutlak (g), kelulushidupan (SR) (%), tingkat konsumsi pakan (g), rasio konversi pakan (FCR), efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan (%), efektivitas sistem biofilter akuaponik, rata-rata bobot kangkung (g) dan kualitas air. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, yaitu perlakuan A (sistem biofilter akuaponik) dan perlakuan B (sistem konvensional). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem biofilter akuaponik dan sistem tanpa biofilter akuaponik (konvensional) berbeda sangat nyata (sign<0,01) terhadap SGR, biomassa mutlak (g), FCR dan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan dan berbeda nyata (sign<0,05) terhadap SR dan tingkat konsumsi pakan. Sistem biofilter akuaponik memberikan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sistem konvensional. Hasil dari sistem biofilter akuaponik yaitu SGR 4,21±0,06 %bobot/hari, biomassa mutlak 29353,0±2417,58 g, SR 92,71±1,88 %, tingkat konsumsi pakan 36166,67±1527,52 g, FCR 1,15±0,02, efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan 81,07±3,30%. Kadar amonia dalam sistem ini masih dalam kisaran yang layak untuk pembesaran ikan lele dumbo hingga minggu ke 8. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem biofilter akuaponik dapat meningkatkan performa produksi ikan lele. The increase in aquaculture production in Indonesia pursued by utilizing land optimally. Closed system culture will produce waste from the metabolism which sustainably reach the level that are toxic to fish. One effort to overcome the problem that the environmental management of aquaculture with biofilter aquaponics system. This study was aimed to know the production performance such as growth, survival of african catfish (Clarias gariepinus), spinach water growth and to know the effectiveness of the biofilter aquaponics system to decrease ammonia. The study was conducted on December 2014-March 2015 in the Laboratory of Aquaculture, Diponegoro University, Semarang.Variables that were examined include the specific growth rate (SGR) (% weight / day), an absolute biomass (g), survival rate (SR) (%), the level of feed intake (g), feed conversion ratio (FCR), efficiency feed utilization (%), the effectiveness of the biofilter aquaponics system, the average weight of spinach water (g) and water quality. Research using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 treatments and 3 replications, namely treatment A (biofilter aquaponics system) and treatment B (conventional system).The results showed that the biofilter aquaponics system and the system without a biofilter aquaponics (conventional) highly significant different (sign <0.01) on SGR, an absolute biomass (g), FCR and feed utilization efficiency and significantly different (sign <0.05) on SR and the feed consumption rate. Biofilter aquaponics system gives better results than conventional systems. Results of aquaponics biofilter system that was SGR 4.21 ± 0.06% weight / day, an absolute biomass 29353.0 ± 2417.58 g, SR 92.71 ± 1.88%, the level of feed intake 1527.52 ± 36166.67 g, FCR 1.15 ± 0.02, 81.07 ± 3.30% efficiency of feed utilization. Levels of ammonia in the system was still in a reasonable range for fish rearing african catfish until week 8. Based on these results it can be concluded that the biofilter aquaponics system can improve production performance of catfish.