PENGARUH KONSENTRASI LARUTAN GARAM DAN SUHU FERMENTASI TERHADAP MUTU KIMCHI LOBAK (The Effect of Concentration of Salt Solution and Fermentation Temperature on The Quality of Radish Kimchi) - Cheria Lestari; Ismed Suhaidi; Ridwansyah Ridwansyah (Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2017)
ABSTRACT Radish kimchi is one of Korean side dish prepared by salted radish, blending with spices and various ingredients and fermenting in a period of time at ambient temperature. There are factors that affect in kimchi fermentation process, in this study, concentration of salt solution and fermentation temperature are used as variables. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of concentration of salt solution and fermentation temperature on the quality of radish kimchi. This study used a a completely randomized design with two factors namely concentration of salt solution (G: 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%), and fermentation temperature (T: 10°C, 15°C, and 20°C). The parameters analyzed were moisture content, total soluble solids, total lactic acid, pH, vitamin C, fiber content, organoleptic values of color, aroma, taste, texture, and consumer acceptance, and total lactic acid bacteria. The results showed that the concentration of salt solution had highly significant effect on moisture content, total soluble solids, total lactic acid, vitamin C, fiber content, organoleptic of color, taste and texture. Fermentation temperature had highly significant effect on total lactic acid, pH, fiber content, organoleptic value of taste and consumer acceptance. Interaction of the two factors had highly significant effect on total lactic acid, pH, organoleptic values of aroma, and total lactic acid bacteria. The G1T1 treatment combination gave the best quality characteristics of the radish kimchi. Keywords: concentration of salt solution, fermentation temperature, radish, radish kimchi. ABSTRAK Kimchi lobak merupakan salah satu hidangan Korea yang terdiri dari lobak yang diberi garam, dicampur dengan berbagai bumbu lain dan difermentasi selama waktu dan suhu tertentu. Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi proses fermentasi kimchi, dimana dalam studi ini menggunakan variabel konsentrasi larutan garam dan suhu fermentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi larutan garam dan suhu fermentasi terhadap mutu kimchi lobak. Penelitian ini menggunakan model rancangan acak lengkap 2 faktor, yaitu penggunaan konsentrasi larutan garam (2%, 3%, 4%, dan 5%) dan suhu fermentasi (10°C, 15°C, dan 20°C). Parameter yang dianalisa adalah kadar air, total padatan terlarut, pH, total asam laktat, kadar vitamin C, kadar serat, uji organoleptik terhadap aroma, rasa, tekstur, dan penerimaan konsumen, serta total bakteri asam laktat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi larutan garam memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, total padatan terlarut, total asam laktat, kadar vitamin C, kadar serat, uji organoleptik aroma, rasa dan tekstur. Suhu fermentasi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata terhadap pH, total asam laktat, kadar serat, uji organoleptik rasa, dan penerimaan konsumen. Interaksi kedua faktor memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap pH, total asam laktat, uji organoleptik aroma, dan total bakteri asam laktat. Kombinasi perlakuan G1T1 memberikan karakteristik mutu yang paling baik terhadap kimchi lobak. Kata kunci: kimchi lobak, konsentrasi larutan garam, lobak, dan suhu fermentasi.