PENGARUH LAMA PENGGENANGAN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKA TANAH LATOSOL DAN KUALITAS AIR SERTA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TERUNG (Solanum melongea L.) ( Effect of Flooding on Physical Properties of Latosol Soil and Water Quality of Eggplant (Solanum melongea L.) and Thei - Odie Prastomo; Sumono Sumono; Adian Rindang (Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2018)
ABSTRACT One of the factors that affect the growth of plants is apuddle. This study was aimed to assess the effect of inundation time of the latosol soil physical properties and water quality as well as the growth of eggplant (Solanum melongea L.). The method used was non factorial completely randomized design, with 3 treatments and 5 replicates, namely the condition of field capacity, flooded 1 day, 3 days to dry flooded 3 days. The parameters measured were evapotranspiration, water quality, soil physical properties, and dry weight of eggplant. Results showed that the best soil physical properties and water quality as well as the better growth of plant is in the condition flooded 1 day. Soil physical properties with flooded conditions 1 day for organic matterial content was 2.69%, porosity was 67.66%, percolation was 187cm/day, soil salinity was 12.8 mS /cm, the pH value was 6.88, and soil temperature was 27.38oC. Water quality at flooded 1 day for dissolved oxygen was 1.95 ppm, the pH value was 8.1, soil temperature was 28oC, and soil salinity was 7.4 mS/cm. The weight of plants obtained with soil conditions flooded 1 day was 80.52 g and plant height was 46.4 cm. Keywords: eggplant (Solanum melongea L.), water Quality, length of flooding, latosol soil ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman adalah genangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh lama penggenangan terhadap sifat fisika tanah latosol dan kualitas air serta pertumbuhan tanaman terung (Solanum melongea L.). Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial, terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, yaitu kondisi kapasitas lapang, tergenang 1 hari, tergenang 3 hari kering 3 hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah evapotranspirasi, kualitas air, sifat fisika tanah, dan bobot kering tanaman terung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sifat fisika tanah dan kualitas air terbaik yakni pada kondisi tanah tergenang 1 hari, disertai dengan hasil pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih baik pada kondisi tersebut. Sifat fisika tanah dengan kondisi tergenang 1 hari yakni bahan organik 2,69 %, porositas 67,66 %, perkolasi 187 cm/hari, salinitas tanah 12,8 mS/cm, pH 6,88, dan suhu tanah 27,38oC. Kualitas air tergenang 1 hari yakni oksigen terlarut 1,95 ppm, pH 8,1, suhu 28oC, dan salinitas 7,4 mS/cm. Bobot tanaman yang didapat dengan kondisi tanah tergenang 1 hari yakni 80,52 g dan tinggi tanaman 46,4 cm. Kata kunci: terung (Solanum melongea L.), kualitas air, lama penggenangan, tanah latosol