EVALUASI EFLUEN PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK KOMUNAL UNTUK KEMUNGKINAN PEMAKAIAN SEBAGAI AIR DAUR ULANG - Kusumawati, Fanny; Sembiring, Emenda; Handajani, Marisa (ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB, 2018)
Abstrak: Terdapat tiga tujuan utama pemanfaatan air daur ulang yang dapat dipraktekkan pada tujuh objek studi IPAL komunal, yaitu untuk pertanian, perikanan, dan kebutuhan umum yang meliputi air pencucian kendaraan, penyiraman taman, air flushing toilet, dan suplai air pemadam kebakaran. Evaluasi terhadap performa dan kualitas efluen dari IPAL Cimanggung, Wangisagara, Bogor, Karawang, Cingised, Muara Baru, dan Pulo Gebang perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelayakan sebagai sumber air daur ulang. Indonesia belum memiliki regulasi yang mengatur praktik air daur ulang, maka perlu disusun baku mutu air daur ulang yang akan digunakan sebagai acuan dalam mengevaluasi IPAL komunal. Proses penyusunan dilakukan dengan analisa konten terhadap standar internasional, baku mutu air daur ulang negara lain, dan NSPM penggunaan air bersih dan pengolahan air limbah yang berlaku di Indonesia sehingga tersusun longlist parameter. Lalu pembuatan kuesioner untuk memperoleh shortlist parameter, yang hasilnya divalidasi melalui FGD dengan mengundang pakar air daur ulang dari ITB, LIPI, Dinas KLH, Kementerian Pertanian, Diskimrum, dan Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, hingga menghasilkan draft Acuan Baku Mutu Air Daur Ulang. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa kualitas efluen IPAL Cingised dan Pulo Gebang sudah memenuhi acuan baku mutu air daur ulang hasil analisis dan dapat digunakan untuk tujuan pemanfaatan pertanian, perikanan dan kebutuhan umum. IPAL komunal lainnya perlu pengembangan terhadap sistemnya dengan pilihan rekomendasi teknologi yang diusulkan dari hasil analisis menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting: IPAL Cimanggung (1.Filtrasi), IPAL Wangisagara (1.Filtrasi, 2.Koagulasi flokulasi, 3.Adsorpsi,4.RO), IPAL Bogor (1.Koagulasi flokulasi, 2.Adsorpsi, 3.RO), IPAL Karawang (1.Koagulasi flokulasi, 2. Adsorpsi, 3.RO), IPAL Muara Baru (1.Koagulasi flokulasi, 2.Adsorpsi, 3.RO). Kata kunci: baku mutu, daur ulang, limbah domestik, IPAL komunal, pemilihan teknologi Abstract: There are three main objectives for the use of reclaimed water which can be practiced on seven objects of communal WWTP studies, namely for agriculture, fisheries, and general use which include vehicle washing water, garden watering, toilet water wetting, and firefighting water supply. The performance and quality evaluation of Cimanggung, Wangisagara, Bogor, Karawang, Cingised, Muara Baru, and Pulo Gebang WWTP were conducted to determine the feasibility of being a reclaimed water source. Indonesia has no regulations on reclamation water, it is necessary to establish reclamation water quality standards that will be used as a reference in evaluating communal WWTPs. The design process is carried out by analyzing content against international standards, reclamation water quality standards in other countries, and NSPM using clean water and wastewater treatment in Indonesia so that a longlist of parameters is compiled. Then the questionnaire was made to get a shortlist of parameters, the results were then validated through the FGD by inviting wastewater experts from ITB, LIPI, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Diskimrum, and Ministry of Public Works, to produce Reference of Reclaimed Water Standard Quality. Evaluation results indicate that the effluent quality of the Cingised WWTP and Pulo Gebang meets the Reference of Reclaimed Water Standard Quality and can be used for agriculture, fisheries and general use. Other communal WWTPs require the development on its system with technology recommendations from result analysis using the Simple Additive Additive method: IPAL Cimanggung (1. Filtration), IPAL Wangisagara (1. Filtration, 2. Coagulation-flocculation, 3. Adsorption, 4.RO), Bogor IPAL ( 1. Coagulation-flocculation,2. Adsorption, 3.RO), Karawang Karawang (1. Coagulation-flocculation, 2. Adsorption, 3.RO), New WWTP Estuary (1. Coagulation-flocculation, 2. Adsorption, 3. RO). Keywords: communal WWTP, domestic wastewater, quality standard, reclaimed water, technology selection