Sinergisme Ekstrak Piper aduncum dan Tephrosia vogelii terhadap Penggerek Batang Padi Kuning, Scirpophaga incertulas - Muhammad Sigit Susanto; Djoko Prijono (Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, 2015)
AbstractSynergism of Piper aduncum and Tephrosia vogelii Extracts against the Rice Yellow Stem Borer, ScirpophagaincertulasRice (Oryza sativa) is one of the important staple food crops in the world. One of the important pests on riceis the rice yellow stem borer (RYSB) Scirpophaga incertulas . One of the alternative control techniques thatcan be applied is by using botanical insecticides. The purpose of this study was to determine the synergismbetween Piper aduncum fruit and Tephrosia vogelii leaf extracts against RYSB larvae. P. aduncum and T.vogelii extracts, either tested separately or in mixtures with concentration ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, wereeffective against RYSB larvae. The treatments with these extracts caused death in YRSB larvae at 72 hoursafter treatment in which the affected larvae showed internal tissue damage symptom. The most toxic testmaterial to RYSB larvae was P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture with a concentration ratio of 1:2.LC50 and LC95 of P. aduncum extract were 0.175% and 0.126%, respectively, while those of T. vogelii extractwere 1.620% and 2.075%, respectively. P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture with 1:1 ratio had LC500.056% and LC95 0.143%, while that with 2:1 ratio had LC50 0.025% and LC95 0.149%. LC50 and LC95 of themixture with 1:2 ratio were 0.016% and 0.083%, respectively. P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture atthe three concentration ratios were more effective than P. aduncum and T. vogelii extracts appliedseparately and synergistic to RYSB larvae.Keywords: Botanical Insecticide, Piper aduncum, Scirpophaga incertulas , Synergism, Tephrosia vogelii .AbstrakPadi (Oryza sativa) merupakan salah satu komoditas penting pangan dunia. Salah satu hama penting padatanaman padi adalah penggerek batang padi kuning, Scirpophaga incertulas . Salah satu cara pengendalianyang dapat diterapkan adalah dengan menggunakan insektisida nabati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahmenentukan sinergisme ekstrak buah Piper aduncum dan daun Tephrosia vogelii terhadap larva S.incertulas . Perlakuan ekstrak P. aduncum dan T. vogelii baik secara terpisah maupun campuran pada nisbahkonsentrasi 1:1, 2:1, dan 1:2 efektif terhadap larva S. incertulas . Perlakuan ini dapat menimbulkan kematianpada S. incertulas dengan gejala kerusakan jaringan larva instar 1 pada 72 jam setelah perlakuan. Bahan ujiyang paling beracun terhadap larva S. incertulas adalah campuran ekstrak P. aduncum dan T. vogelii dengannisbah konsentrasi 1:2. LC50 dan LC95 ekstrak P. aduncum masing-masing 0,175% dan 0,126%. Sementara ituLC50 dan LC95 ekstrak T. vogelii masing-masing 1,620% dan 2,075%. Campuran ekstrak P. aduncum dan T.vogelii pada nisbah konsentrasi 1:1 memiliki LC50 0,056% dan LC95 0,143%. Sementara itu campuran ekstraktersebut pada nisbah konsentrasi 2:1 memiliki LC50 0,025% dan LC95 0,149%. LC50 dan LC95 campuranekstrak tersebut pada nisbah konsentrasi 1:2 masing-masing 0,016% dan 0,083%. Campuran ekstrak P.aduncum dan T. vogelii pada ketiga nisbah konsentrasi lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan ekstraktunggalnya dan bersifat sinergis terhadap larva S. incertulas .Kata kunci: Insektisida Nabati, Piper aduncum, Tephrosia vogelii , Scirpophaga incertulas , Sinergisme.