PENGUASAAN PENALARAN ANALOGI DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH UNSUR-UNSUR DAN LUAS KUBUS - Sarjoko Sarjoko; Demitra Demitra; Rinawati Rinawati (Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, 2020)
Penalaran analogi diperlukan dalam memecahkan masalah matematika, seperti pada materi kubus. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan penalaran analogi yang terbentuk dalam pemecahan masalah kesamaan unsur-unsur dan luas kubus. Metode penelitian penelitian deskriptif digunakan dengan tahap-tahap kegiatan memberikan tes analogi pada 30 siswa, mereduksi, mengelompokkan jawaban, dan menganalisis jawaban, crosscheck melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 3 siswa cuplikan, pemaknaan dan penyimpulan. Tes analogi berbentuk tes esai kesamaan unsur-unsur dan luas kubus. Data penelitian disajikan dengan diagram batang, tabel, dan gambar. Temuan penelitian, terdapat dua pola jawaban siswa memecahkan masalah kesamaan unsur-unsur kubus: (1) siswa menguasai analogi applying dan (2) analogi encoding, inferring, mapping, applying. Ada empat pola jawaban siswa yang ditemukan dalam memecahkan masalah kesamaan luas kubus: (1) siswa yang tidak menguasai semua penalaran analogi; dan yang lainnya menguasai analogi (2) encoding dan applying; (3) encoding, inferring, dan mapping; dan (4) encoding, inferring, mapping, applying. Kata kunci: applying,encoding, inferring, mapping, kubus. Abstract: The analogical reasoning is needed to solve the mathematical problems, such as in cube problem. The study purpose to describe the analogical reasoning to solve the problem about similarity of elements and area of cubes. The research used the descriptive method that included giving the analogy test to 30 students, rreducing, classifying, and analyzing the answers, crosscheck through in-deep interviews of 3 students selected, describing the meaning of the patterns and concluding. The test of analogy was an essay of similarity of the elements and areas of cubes problems. The data were presented by bar charts, tables, and pictures. The research finding, there were two patterns of students' answers to solve the similarity of cube elements problem: (1) that there were some students master applying analogy only, (2) the other master encoding, inferring, mapping and applying analogies. There were four patterns of students' answers to solve the cubes area problem: (1) that there were students didn't master all of the analogies, but the other students masters of (2) encoding, applying, (3) encoding, inferring, mapping, and (4) encoding, inferring, mapping, applying analogies. Keywords: applying, encoding, inferring, mapping, cube.