KAJIAN PENAWARAN KELAPA UNTUK MEMENUHI PERMINTAAN INDUSTRI MINYAK KELAPA DAN INDUSTRI MAKANAN-MINUMAN (Studi Kasus Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Riau) - SABARMAN DAMANIK (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, 2007)
ABSTRAKPenelitian dengan kajian penawaran kelapa untuk memenuhipermintaan industri minyak kelapa dan industri makanan dan minumantelah dilakukan di Desa Sei Ara, Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Riau sejakFebruari 2005 sampai dengan Juli 2006. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakanterhadap 90 orang petani kelapa.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihatketerkaitan dan elastisitas penawaran kelapa dalam memenuhi permintaanindustri minyak kelapa, industri makanan-minuman, industri kosmetik danrumah tangga. Model ekonometrika yang dibangun dalam studi empiris initelah mampu menjelaskan perilaku penawaran kelapa dan permintaan kelapauntuk industri minyak kelapa, industri makanan-minuman, industri kosmetik danpermintaan rumah tangga. Perilaku perkembangan areal kelapa pada ke-tigaperkebunan (Rakyat, BUMN dan Swasta Besar) menunjukkan respon yangelastis terhadap harga kompetitornya. Respon produktivitas kelapa menunjuk-kan sangat tidak elastis terhadap harga komoditasnya, termasuk kompetitor-nya, serta harga pasar ekspor. Namun demikian peubah-peubah harga cukupsignifikan untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap respon produktivitas kelapa.Permintaan kelapa untuk industri minyak kelapa, industri makanan, industrikosmetik dan rumah tangga sangat respon terhadap perubahan harga komoditaskelapa dan harga substitusi minyak sawit.Kata kunci : Kelapa, Cocos nucifera L., ekonometrika, minyak kelapa,penawaran, harga, RiauABSTRACTStudy of coconut supply for some industries including coconutoil, food and beverage industryThe study of coconut supply for some industries including coconutoil, food and beverages industry was conducted from February 2005 toJuly 2005 in Sei Ara Village, Indragiri Hilir District, Riau Province. Theprimary data were collected through the interviews of 90 coconutfarmers.The objective of the research was to find out the linkage andcoconut supply elasticity in demand for some industry coconut oil, foodand beverage industry, cosmetic and household. The result researchthrough economic analysis of 10 structural equations and 7 identityequations were shown. Econometrics model that was established in theempiric study enable to give explanation on coconut supply and demandpattern for some industries such as coconut oil, food and-beverageindustry, cosmetics and household demand. Development pattern forcoconut area on the three plantations (public, BUMN and private) showselastic responds on their competitor's price. Coconut productivity responseshows very inelastic on the price, including the competitor and exportmarket price. Nevertheless, variables of price sufficient enough to use asindicator of the effect on coconut productivity respond. Coconut supply forsome industries including coconut oil, food-and beverages industry,cosmetics and household industries show high respond on the exchange ofcoconut price and indirect substitution price (oil palm).Key words: Coconut, Cocos nucifera L., econometric, coconut oil,supply, price, Riau