Pengolahan Edible Film Nata de Coco dan Aplikasinya sebagai Coating pada Daging Kelapa Muda [Processing of Edible Film Nata de Coco and Its Application as Coating on Young Coconut Meat] - Barlina Rindengan; Suryani Lahea; Engelbert Manaroinsong (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan, 2018)
Biocellulose nata de coco is a potential raw material for edible film processing as an environmentally friendly packaging. Edible film applications on foodstuffs can extend the shelf life of the product. This study aims to determine the formulation and good characteristics of the processing of raw materials of bioselulose nata de coco edible film which are suitable for packaging materials as well as changes in the quality of tender coconut meat applied by edible coating during storage. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Palm Research Institute and Laboratory of Agricultural Product Technology Engineering, UGM-Yogyakarta in January to December 2016. The study was conducted in two stages, the first stage is formulation and processing of the edible fim, using Completely Randomized Design (RAL), with the treatment comparison between biocelulose nata de coco (BS): CMC and glycerol (GLI), as follows: Formula 1 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 100: 0: 0; Formula 2 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 99.5: 0.5: 0; Formula 3 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 99.0: 1.0: 0; Formula 4 = BIS: CMC: LI = 98.5: 0.5: 1; Formula 5 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 98,0: 1,0: 1,0; Formula 6 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 98.0: 5: 1,5; Formula = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 1.0: 1.5; Formula 8 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 0.5: 2.0; and Formula 9 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.0: 1.0: 2.0. The second stage, edible film application that has a good characteristic on young coconut meat slices, then packed using vacuum method and stored for three months in Refrigerator and Freezer. The results showed that, edible film comparison: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 1.0: 1.5 is acceptable and has 0,0551 mm in thickness, tensile strength 19,0747 Mpa, elongation 18,2618%, vapor transmission rate 16,878 (g / m2 / 24 hour) and better brightness value (clear). The application of edible coating biocellulose nata atslices on young coconut meat and stored in Freezer can reduce total microbial growth and up to 3 months and is still favored by panelists. ABSTRAKBioselulosa nata de coco merupakan bahan baku potensial untuk pengolahan edible film sebagai kemasan yang ramah lingkungan. Aplikasi edible film pada bahan pangan dapat memperpanjang masa simpan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formulasi dan karakteristik yang baik dari pengolahan edible film berbahan baku bioselulosa nata de coco yang sesuai untuk bahan kemasan serta perubahan mutu daging buah kelapa muda yang diaplikasi edible coating selama penyimpanan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma, dan Laboratorium Rekayasa Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, UGM-Yogyakarta pada bulan bulan Januari sampai Desember 2016.. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, tahap pertama formulasi pengolahan edible fim, dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan:perbandingan antara bioselulosa nata de coco (BS) : CMC dan gliserol (GLI), sebagai berikut : Formula 1= BIS:CMC:GLI=100:0:0; Formula 2=BIS:CMC:GLI= 99,5:0,5:0; Formula 3=BIS:CMC:GLI= 99,0:1,0:0; Formula 4=BIS:CMC: LI=98,5:0,5 :1; Formula 5=BIS:CMC:GLI= 98,0:1,0:1,0; Formula 6 F=BIS:CMC:GLI= 98,0:5:1,5; Formula 7=BIS:CMC:GLI= 97,5:1,0:1,5; Formula 8=BIS:CMC: GLI=97,5:0,5:2,0; dan Formula 9=BIS:CMC:GLI= 97,0:1,0:2,0. Ulangan tiga kali sehingga ada 27 satuan percobaan. Tahap kedua aplikasi edible film yang memiliki karakterisik yang baik pada irisan daging kelapa muda terolah minimal. Kemudian dikemas secara vacum dan disimpan sampai tiga bulan di dalam Refrigerator dan Freezer. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa, edible film berbahan baku bioselulosa nata de coco (BIS) dengan penambahan carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) dan gliserol (GLI) perbandingan BIS : CMC : GLI= 97,5: 1,0 :1,5 cukup baik, memiliki karakateristik ketebalan 0,0551 mm, kuat tarik 19,0747 Mpa, elongation 18,2618%, laju transmisi uap air 16,878 (g/m2/24 jam) dan nilai kecerahan yang lebih baik (bening). Aplikasi edible coating bioselulosa nata pada irisan daging kelapa muda terolah minimal yang dikemas secara vacum dan disimpan dalam Freezer dapat mereduksi perkembangan total mikroba dan sampai 3 bulan dan masih disukai panelis.