ANALISIS YURIDIS PENETAPAN PENGADILAN AGAMA PASURUAN NOMOR : 191/PDT.P/2017/PA.PAS TENTANG STATUS ANAK LUAR NIKAH - Alfian Mustaghfiri Hamsyi (UNIVERSITAS ISLAM MALANG, 2018)
Abstrak Anak yang dibuahi di luar perkawinan (kawin hamil) dan anak yang dilahirkan akibat pernikahan siri (nikah di bawah tangan) memiliki dampak hukum terhadap statusnya. Baik dari statusnya secara agama maupun negara, sehingga akan berdampak kepada hak-haknya. Dalam fiqih, status anak yang dibuahi di luar perkawinan terdapat 2 (dua) pendapat, yakni pendapat Imam Syafi’i dan Imam Hanafi. Menurut Imam Syafi’i, anak yang dibuahi di luar perkawinan hanya akan bernasab kepada Ibunya jika anak tersebut dirawat kurang dari 6 (enam) bulan di dalam rahim ibunya. Sedangkan Imam Hanafi berpendapat, bahwa anak yang dibuahi diluar perkawinan tetap bernasab kepada Ayahnya. Di sisi lain, anak yang dilahirkan di dalam pernikahan siri (nikah dibawah tangan) secara fiqih tetap dianggap sebagai anak sah, hanya saja tidak mempunyai payung hukum. Agar anak tersebut memiliki payung hukum, kedua orang tuanya bisa mengajukan Permohonan Asal Usul Anak di Pengadilan Agama. Pengadilan Agama dapat mengabulkan Permohonan Asal-Usul Anak tersebut, apabila bukti-bukti yang diajukan di persidangan sudah dianggap cukup untuk membuktikan bahwa anak tersebut adalah benar-benar anak kandung dari kedua orang tuanya yang mengajukan Permohonan Asal Usul Anak.Kata kunci: anak, status, nasab, hukum, Pengadilan Agama Abstract A child who has inseminated in a marriage out side and a child who has inseminated in a siri marriage have a law impact to their statuses. Both from their religion statuses and country statuses, so it will have an impact to their rights. In fiqh, a child status which has inseminated in a marriage out side has 2 (two) opinions, those are Imam Syafi’i opinon and Imam Hanafi opnion. According to Imam Syafi’i, A child who has inseminated in a marriage out side will just have a descendant to his mother if he has been treated less than 6 (six) monts in his mother’s uterus. While Imam Hanafi argues that a child who has inseminated in a marriage out side still have a descendent to his father. In other hand, a child who has inseminated in a siri marriage on a fiqh he is still assumed as a legitimate child, it is just he doesn’t have a legal protection. So that child has a legal protection, his parents can propose an application for the origin of child in religious courts. Religious courts can fulfill that an application for the origin of child if proofs which are proposed in a meeting it has considered enough to prove that child is an biological child truly from his parents who propose an application for the origin of child. Keywords: child, status, descendant, law, religious courts