PEMBERIAN SARI TEMPE TERHADAP PROFIL LIPID PADA PENDERITA HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT AVICENNA BIREUEN - Nunung Sri Mulyani; Rafiqa Rafiqa (Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Aceh, 2018)
Prevalensi hiperkolesterolemia di Indonesia tahun 2013 pada wanita sebesar 39,6%, nilainya lebih tinggi dari pada laki-laki yang sebesar 30,0%. Hiperkolesterolemia dapat menyebabkan aterosklerosis dan penyakit jantung koroner. Antioksidan diketahui dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total. Isoflavon salah satu antioksidan yang terdapat pada tempe. Tempe mengandung serat, saponin dan niasin yang terbukti memiliki efek menurunkan kadar kolesterol sehingga menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL dan kolesterol total sekaligus meningkatkan kadar kolesterol HDL. Penelitian kuantitatif ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik menggunakan desain quasi-experimental. Sampel kasus merupakan penderita hiperkolesterolemia yang ada di RS Avicenna berjumlah 30 orang. Analisis menggunakan software R-Statistik, meliputi uji statistik Dependent T-Test pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05). Ada pengaruh yang signifikan pemberian sari tempe terhadap kadar kolesterol total, kadar kolesterol LDL, kadar kolesterol HDL, dan kadar kolesterol trigliserida yaitu (p<0,05) pada pasien hiperkolesterolemia rawat jalan di RS Avicenna. Rata-rata pada kelompok kasus terhadap pasien hiperkolesterolemia rawat jalan di RS Avicenna sesudah pemberian sari tempe; kadar kolesterol total, kolesterol LDL, dan kolesterol trigliserida, serta meningkatkan kadar kolesterol HDL secara bermakna berurut-urut sebesar 253,93 mg/dl, 177,19 mg/dl, 40,93 mg/dl, dan 88,60 mg/dl Indonesian women hypercholesterolemia prevalence in 2013 were 39.6%, higher than men that have 30.0%. Hypercholesterolemia can cause atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Antioxidants are known to reduce total cholesterol levels. Isoflavones are one of the antioxidants that found in tempe. Tempe contains fiber, saponins and niacin which have the effect of lowering cholesterol levels, so that can lowering LDL cholesterol levels, total cholesterol levels, and increasing HDL cholesterol levels. This quantitative research was conducted by an analytical d es cr ip t ive a p pr oa ch u s ing qu a s i -e x p er iment a l design. Samples amounted to 30 patients with hypercholesterolemia. Analysis using R-St atisti c soft war e, including a stat ist ical t est of dependent T-test at 95% confidence level (α =0.05). There was significant effect of tempe extract on total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride cholesterol (p <0.05) in outpatient hypercholesterolemia in Avicenna Hospital. Average in the case group of outpatient hypercholesterolemia patients in Avicenna Hospital after tempe extract total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride cholesterol levels and significantly increased HDL cholesterol levels of 253.93 mg/ dl, 177.19 mg/ dl, 40.93 mg/dl, and 88.60 mg/dl. There was significant effect on lipid profile before and after intervention in tempe treatment group.