EKSPLORASI DAN POTENSI CENDAWAN ENDOFIT ASAL TANAMAN PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) SEBAGAI AGENS PENGENDALI HAYATI PENYAKIT MATI RANTING - Retning Wahyu; Rina Sriwati; Lukman Hakim (Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala, 2019)
Abstrak, Di Aceh, tanaman pala merupakan tanaman rempah yang sudah sejak lama dikenal sebagai komoditas unggulan (Ikon) Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Namun dalam beberapa tahun belakangan ini, ribuan tanaman pala di Aceh selatan meranggas dan mati diserang oleh penyakit yang sampai saat ini belum dapat ditangani sehingga berakibat pada penurunan produksi pala. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji cendawan endofit potensial untuk mengendalikan penyakit mati ranting pada tanaman pala secara in vitro maupun in vivo. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tanaman Jurusan Agroekoteknologi Universitas Syiah kuala - Banda Aceh. Waktu penelitian dimulai bulan Maret 2014 sampai dengan selesai. Pelaksanaan penelitian diawali dengan pengambilan sampel di 3 (tiga) kecamatan di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan, isolasi cendawan endofit, pemurnian (Purifikasi), perbanyakan cendawan patogen CP1. Tahapan selanjutnya dilakukan uji patogenisitas pada benih padi, pengujian daya antagonisme (Duel culture), pengujian mekanisme parasitisme, pembuatan sampel konidia cendawan endofit, indentifikasi terhadap cendawan endofit, perbanyakan cendawan endofit untuk pengujian di rumah kasa . Rancangan percobaan penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 6 perlakuan dengan 7 ulangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian isolat cendawan endofit TTA2 dan TTA3 mampu menekan patogen CP1 dalam secara in vitro dan in vivo. Pemberian cendawan endofit juga merangsang pertumbuhan akar yang baik bagi tanaman. Eksploration and Potential of Endohphytic Fungi from Nutmeg as a Biological Control Agent of Twigs Dead Disease Abstract, In Aceh, nutmeg is a spice plant that has long been known as a superior commodity (Icon) of South Aceh District. But in recent years, thousands of nutmeg plants in southern Aceh have been molested and died from disease which has not yet been treated, which has resulted in a decline in nutmeg production. This study aims to test the potential endophytic fungi to control dead dead branches in nutmeg plants in vitro and in vivo. This research was conducted at the Plant Disease Laboratory of the Agroecotechnology Department, Syiah kuala University - Banda Aceh. When the study began in March 2014 until completion. The research was begun by taking samples in 3 (three) districts in South Aceh Regency, isolation of endophytic fungi, purification, propagation of CP1 fungal pathogens. The next stage is the pathogenicity test on rice seeds, testing the antagonism power (Duel culture), testing the parasitism mechanism, making a sample of endophytic fungi conidia, identification of endophytic fungi, multiplication of endophytic fungi for testing in the gauze. The experimental design of the study used a completely randomized design (CRD) of 6 treatments with 7 replications. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the administration of TTA2 and TTA3 endophytic fungi isolates was able to suppress pathogenic CP1 in in vitro and in vivo. Giving endophytic fungi also stimulates root growth which is good for plants.