BAKTERI ENDOFIT YANG DIISOLASI DARI AKAR Eurycoma longifolia DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PENGENDALI JAMUR PATOGEN TANAMAN - Sulistiyani, Tri Ratna; Meliah, Siti; Damayanti, . (Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT), 2020)
Eurycoma longifoliaÃ‚Â (pasak bumi) is known as a medicinal plant that containsÃ‚Â biologically active compounds. Studies on endophytic bacteria associated with pasak bumi andÃ‚Â theirÃ‚Â biocontrol activitiesÃ‚Â have not been widely reported.Ã‚Â The objective of this study is to isolate potential endophytic bacteria associated with E. longifolia possessing biocontrol activity against plant pathogenic fungi, Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum,Ã‚Â andÃ‚Â Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.Ã‚Â Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots of E. longifolia using the plant piece methodÃ‚Â and identifiedÃ‚Â based on 16S rRNA genes analysis.Ã‚Â Antagonist test of bacterial isolates was conductedÃ‚Â byÃ‚Â dual confrontation method.Ã‚Â TheÃ‚Â mechanisms of fungal growth inhibition were evaluated based on their ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes, antibiotic,Ã‚Â and volatile organic compounds. Two isolates were obtained and identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Apb1) and Serratia marcescens (Apb2). Apb2 was able toÃ‚Â inhibitÃ‚Â the growth ofÃ‚Â four tested fungi andÃ‚Â showed protease, chitinaseÃ‚Â as well asÃ‚Â cellulase activities. The crude extract and volatile organic compound produced by Apb2Ã‚Â wereÃ‚Â active against F.Ã‚Â solaniÃ‚Â growth.Keywords: biocontrol, endophytic, Eurycoma longifolia, fungi, inhibition mechanismÃ‚Â ABSTRAKEurycoma longifoliaÃ‚Â (pasak bumi) dikenal sebagai tanaman obat yang mengandungÃ‚Â beberapa senyawa aktif secara biologis. PenelitianÃ‚Â mengenaiÃ‚Â bakteri endofit yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman pasak bumi berikut aktivitasÃ‚Â biokontrolnya belumÃ‚Â banyakÃ‚Â dilaporkan.Ã‚Â Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi bakteri endofit potensial dari tanamanÃ‚Â E. longifoliaÃ‚Â yang memiliki aktivitas biokontrol terhadap empat strain uji jamur patogen tanaman, yaitu Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, dan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Bakteri endofit diisolasi dari akarÃ‚Â E. longifolaÃ‚Â menggunakan metodeÃ‚Â plant piece dan diidentifikasi berdasarkan analisis gen 16S rRNA.Ã‚Â Uji antagonis isolat bakteriÃ‚Â dilakukan dengan metode konfrontasi ganda.Ã‚Â Mekanisme penghambatan jamur patogen tanaman dievaluasi berdasarkan kemampuannya dalam memproduksi enzim hidrolisis, senyawa antibiotik, dan senyawa organik volatil.Ã‚Â Dua isolat bakteri endofit berhasil diperoleh dan teridentifikasi sebagaiÃ‚Â Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Ã‚Â (Apb1) dan Serratia marcescens (Apb2). Isolat Apb2 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan keempat jamur yang diujiÃ‚Â dan menunjukkan aktivitas protease, kitinase dan selulase. Ekstrak kasar dan senyawa organik volatil yang dihasilkan oleh isolat Apb2 aktif menghambatÃ‚Â pertumbuhanÃ‚Â F. solani.