Regenerasi Kultur Lengkeng Dataran Rendah cv. Diamond River melalui Embriogenesis Somatik - Roostika, Ika; Arief, V N; Sunarlim, N (Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development, 2010)
ABSTRAK. Beberapa kultivar lengkeng toleran dataran rendah telah diintroduksi ke Indonesia termasuk lengkengcv. Diamond River. Kultivar tersebut telah dibudidayakan secara komersial di daerah Kalimantan Barat. Namun,pengembangannya menghadapi kendala dalam hal penyediaan bibit. Dalam rangka memperoleh bibit lengkengdalam jumlah yang berlimpah, perlu penerapan teknik kultur in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginduksidan meregenerasikan kalus embriogenik lengkeng cv. Diamond River. Induksi kalus dilakukan menggunakan daunmuda sebagai eksplan. Regenerasi kalus embriogenik dilakukan dalam 4 tahap. Pada tahap pertama digunakan airkelapa pada konsentrasi 5 dan 10%. Pada tahap kedua, diuji pengaruh auksin (IBA dan NAA) serta sitokinin (BAdan kinetin) masing-masing pada taraf 0,5 ppm. Pada tahap ketiga, diuji pengaruh auksin IBA dan NAA pada taraf0,1; 0,5; dan 1 ppm. Pada tahap keempat diuji perlakuan sukrosa pada taraf 2 dan 3% dengan atau tanpa auksin(IBA dan NAA) masing-masing pada taraf 0,5 dan 1 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa regenerasi melaluiembriogenesis somatik berpeluang diterapkan pada tanaman lengkeng cv. Diamond River. Respons kalus embriogeniklebih dominan ke arah pembentukan akar daripada tunas. Penggunaan media yang mengandung NAA 1 ppm mampumeningkatkan pembentukan tunas hingga mencapai lebih dari 30%, sedangkan penggunaan sukrosa 3% tanpa auksinmampu meningkatkan pembentukan planlet hingga mencapai 12%. Persentase keberhasilan aklimatisasi adalahsebesar 14%.ABSTRACT. Roostika, I., V.N. Arief, and N. Sunarlim. 2009. Regeneration of Lowland Longan cv. DiamondRiver through Somatic Embryogenesis. Several low-land longan cultivars have been introduced to Indonesia,including cultivar of Diamond River. This cultivar has been planted commercially and produced well in WestKalimantan. Unfortunately, the development of this cultivar was facing a problem on the availability of plantingmaterials. In order to provide large number of Diamond River seedlings, tissue culture technique was used. Theaim of the study was to induce and regenerate embryogenic calli of longan cv. Diamond River. A research on callusinduction was conducted using young leaves as explants source. Regeneration of embryogenic calli was conductedin 4 steps. The first, coconut water at the rate of 5 and 10% were used. The second, the auxin (IBA and NAA) andcytokinin (BA and kinetin) at the level of 0.5 ppm, respectively were tested. The third, the IBA and NAA at thelevel of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 ppm were used. The fourth, the sucrose at the level of 2 and 3% with or without addition ofIBA and NAA at the level of 0.5 and 1 ppm were used respectively. The results showed that somatic embryogenesisregeneration was potentially applied to longan cv. Diamond River. The root formation was more dominant than theshoot formation. The use of 1 ppm NAA could increase the shoot formation up to more than 30% whereas the useof 3% sucrose without auxin could increase the plantlet formation up to 12%. The 14% of plantlet produced by thistechnique grew well during acclimatization period.