Analisis Tingkat Preferensi Petani terhadap Karakterisitik Hasil dan Kualitas Bawang Merah Varietas Lokal dan Impor - Basuki, Rofik Sinung (Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development, 2009)
ABSTRAK. Varietas lokal bawang merah yang kompetitif terhadap varietas impor perlu diketahui untuk mengurangipenggunaan varietas impor. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi varietas lokal yang lebih disukai petanidibanding varietas impor di sentra produksi di Kabupaten Brebes. Penelitian dilakukan di 2 desa di Kabupaten Brebespada bulan Juli-Oktober 2005. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian partisipatif yang didukung denganpercobaan lapangan. Percobaan lapangan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yangditeliti adalah 10 varietas lokal dan 2 varietas impor. Plot percobaan lapangan digunakan sebagai petak observasi bagipetani partisipan, 28 orang di Desa Kemukten dan 32 orang di Desa Slatri. Data penelitian partisipatif dikumpulkandari jawaban tertulis petani partisipan pada kuesioner yang dibagikan peneliti pada saat petani melakukan observasipada plot percobaan lapangan. Data petani berupa skor tingkat preferensi (TP) petani terhadap atribut karakteristikdaya hasil, jumlah anakan, bentuk umbi, ukuran umbi, warna umbi, dan aroma dari 12 varietas yang diteliti dianalisismenggunakan metode perceived quality. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa dari 10 varietas lokal yang diuji, varietaslokal Bima Curut adalah yang paling disukai petani. Walaupun secara agronomis tingkat hasil dan ukuran umbi hasil,varietas impor lebih unggul dibanding varietas lokal Bima Curut, namun TP petani terhadap varietas lokal Bima Curutlebih tinggi 10-23% dibanding TP petani terhadap varietas impor Tanduyung dan Ilokos. Hal ini terjadi karena totalkarakteristik Bima Curut dalam hal daya hasil, jumlah anakan, bentuk umbi, ukuran umbi, warna umbi, dan aromalebih disukai petani dibanding total karakteristik yang dimiliki kedua varietas impor tersebut. Diperlukan dukunganperakitan komponen teknologi pemupukan, budidaya, serta pengendalian hama dan penyakit agar keunggulan varietasBima Curut dapat lebih dioptimalkan.ABSTRACT. Basuki, R.S. 2009. Analysis of Farmerâs Preference on Yield and Quality Characteristic of Localand Imported Shallots Variety. Local variety of shallots that had competitiveness to imported variety needed tobe identified in order to reduce the use of imported seed variety. The objective of this research was to identify localvariety more preferred by farmers than that of imported variety. Research was conducted in Brebes District fromJuly to October 2005. The approach of research was farmer participatory research supported by field trial plot. Thefield trial design used was RCBD, with 10 local varieties and 2 imported varieties as treatments and 3 replications.The field trial plot was used as an observation plot for farmers participants, 28 farmers in Kemukten Village and 32farmers in Slatri Village. The data from farmer participatory research were collected from farmerâs written answers onthe questionnaire distributed by researchers. Farmersâ data were the level of farmerâs preference to the characteristicsof yield, number of sprouts, bulb shape, bulb size, bulb color, and flavor of 12 shallot varieties tested in the fieldtrial. The data were analyzed using perceived quality methods. The results showed that among local varieties, BimaCurut variety was the most preferred by farmers. Agronomically, the yield of imported varieties were higher and thebulb were bigger than that of Bima Curut. However, the level of farmers preference on Bima Curut were 10 to 23% higher than that of the imported varieties of Tanduyung and Ilokos. The reason was that the total characteristicsof Bima Curut in terms of yield, number of sprouts, bulb shape, bulb size, bulb color, and flavor were preferred byfarmers more than that of the total characteristics of imported varieties. Nonetheless, technological components offertilization, cultivation, disease and pest control still need improvements to increase the competitiveness of BimaCurut variety.