Respons Tanaman Mentimun terhadap Penggunaan Tanaman Penutup Tanah Kacang-kacangan dan Mulsa Jerami - Sumarni, Nani; Sumiati, Ety; Rosliani, Rini (Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development, 2009)
ABSTRAK. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang, dari bulan Juli-Oktober 2004. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah dan mulsa organikpaling baik untuk meningkatkan hasil mentimun dan kesuburan lahan Andisol, Lembang. Rancangan percobaan yangdigunakan adalah strip plot design dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 2 faktor, yaitu mulsa organik (tanpa dandengan mulsa jerami sebanyak 5 t/ha), serta jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah (tanpa tanaman penutuptanah, kacang tanah dengan jarak tanam 50x30 cm, kacang tanah dengan jarak tanam 50x15 cm, kacang jogo denganjarak tanam 50x30 cm, dan kacang jogo dengan jarak tanam 50x15 cm). Tanaman mentimun ditanam di antara 2baris tanaman penutup tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada interaksi antara tanaman penutuptanah dan mulsa jerami terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun. Mulsa jerami tidak nyata berpengaruh terhadappertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun, sedangkan jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah nyata berpengaruh terhadappertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun. Kacang tanah tumbuh menutupi permukaan tanah lebih lambat daripada kacangjogo. Namun kacang tanah dengan kerapatan 50x30 cm merupakan tanaman penutup tanah yang paling baik karenamenghasilkan sisa tanaman (bahan organik) lebih banyak dan tidak menurunkan pertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun.Pembenaman sisa tanaman penutup tanah dan mulsa organik 1 bulan setelah panen mentimun, banyak berpengaruhterhadap kesuburan kimia tanah Andisol.ABSTRACT. Sumarni, N., E. Sumiati, and R. Rosliani. 2009. Responses of Cucumber to Application ofLeguminosae Cover Crops and Rice Straw Mulch. The experiment was laid in a strip plot design with 3 replications.The research was aimed to find out kind and density of Leguminosae cover crops and rice straw mulch to improve soilfertility of Andisol soil Lembang and increase the yield of cucumber. The treatments consisted of 2 factors. The firstfactor was organic mulch viz: without mulch and with rice straw mulch (5 t/ha). The second factor was the combinationof kinds and densities of cover crops, viz: without cover crop, peanut cover crop (50x30 cm), peanut cover crop(50x15 cm), red bean cover crop (50x30 cm), and red bean cover crop (50x15 cm). Cucumber were planted between2 rows of cover crops. The results revealed that there were no interaction effect between cover crops and organicmulch on soil fertility and cucumber yield. Independently, plant growth and yield of cucumber were not affected byrice straw mulch. Whereas, kinds and densities of cover crops affected plant growth and yield of cucumber. Peanutgrew slower than red bean in covering soil surface. However, peanut cover crops with 50 x 30 cm planting distance,was better than other treatments. It did not affect plant growth and cucumber yield, and it provided more plant residue(organic matter) on soil surface. Burrying the residues of cover crops and rice straw mulch 1 month after harvestingcucumber could improve chemical characteristics of Andisol soils.