Idiotipe Durian Nasional Berdasarkan Preferensi Konsumen - Santoso, Panca Jarot; Novril, -; Anwaludin syah, Muhamad Jawal (Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development, 2008)
ABSTRAK. Survei untuk menetapkan karakter idiotipe durian nasional berdasarkan preferensi konsumen terhadap karakter fisik dan citarasa (biofisik) dilakukan dari bulan November 2005 sampai Oktober 2006 di 7 provinsi, yaitu DKI Jakarta, Banten, Jawa Timur, Jawa Barat, Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Barat, dan Kalimantan Tengah. Sampel dipilih menggunakan kaidah purposive random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran angket dan wawancara terhadap 430 responden yang terdiri atas pegawai negeri sipil dan pensiunan, karyawan dan wiraswasta, pedagang buah, pekebun, penangkar bibit, pelajar, dan ibu rumah tangga. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa karakter biofisik dominan yang menjadi penentu responden memilih durian adalah ukuran buah sedang (1,6-2,5 kg), aroma kuat, daging tebal bertekstur lembut kering (pulen), dan rasanya manis legit, sedangkan bentuk buah lonjong, warna kulit hijau coklat, panjang duri sedang, warna daging kuning, serta biji berukuran kecil diidentifikasi sebagai karakter pendamping. Karakter-karakter biofisik dominan tersebut menggambarkan suatu karakter idiotipe durian nasional. Karakter ini disarankan sebagai acuan bagi pekebun dalam memilih varietas durian yang akan dikembangkan dan bagi pemulia tanaman durian untuk merakit atau menyeleksi varietas unggul baru.ABSTRACT. Santoso, P. J., Novaril, M. Jawal A. S., T. Wahyudi, and A. Hasyim. 2008. Idiotype of National Durian Based On Consumerâs Preference. A survey to determine idiotype characters of Indonesian durian based on consumerâs preference on fruit biophysic was conducted from November 2005 to October 2006 in 7 provinces of North Sumatera, West Sumatera, DKI Jakarta, Banten, West Java, East Java, and Central Kalimantan. Samples were determined using purposive random sampling. Data was collected through questioner distribution and interview on 430 respondents consisted of active and retirement government official, functionary and entrepreneur, durian trader, grower, nurseryman, student, and housewife. The results indicated that the predominant biophysic characters driving consumer to pick durian which denoting the idiotype of current Indonesian durian were medium fruit size (1,6-2,5 kg), strong aroma, thick flesh, fatty flesh texture, and deep-sweet flesh taste. Meanwhile, oblong shape, green brownish skin, medium spine, yellow aril, and small seeds are identified as co-idiotype characters. This idiotype was predicted persistent for next 10-20 years. It is, therefore, recommended as guidance for grower to choose the available durian varieties to be planted, and for durian breeder to establish or select new superior varieties.