Aktivitas Antiaflatoksin B1 Ekstrak Daun Rumput Kebar (Biophytum petersianum) terhadap Aspergillus ﬂavus - Meike Meilan Lisangan; Rizal Syarie; Winiati Pudji Rahayu; Okky Setyawati Dharmaputra (Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2015)
Aﬂatoxin B1 was a secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus ﬂavus having negative effect on human health because of its carcinogenic. Many efforts have been done to investigate the antifungal and antiaﬂatoxin agent derived plant. The objective of this research was to study the activity of antifungal from kebar grass leaf extract on mycelial growth and aﬂatoxin B1 production of Aspergillus ﬂavus BCC F0219 and A. ﬂavus BIO 2236 isolates in food model medium i.e. carbohydrate-enriched medium, fat-enriched medium and protein-enriched medium. Kebar grass leaf extracts was successively obtained by using n-hexane - ethyl acetate - methanol (HEM). Concentrations of the extract tested on A. ﬂavus BCC F0219 and A. ﬂavus BIO 2236 were 1; 1.5, and 2 MIC. The MIC for A. ﬂavus BCC F0219 in carbohydrate-enriched medium, fat-enriched medium, and protein-enriched medium were 12, 14, and 14 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the MIC for A. ﬂavus BIO 2236 in carbohydrate-enriched medium, fat-enriched medium and protein-enriched medium were 12, 16 and 16 mg/mL, respectively. The results showed that the percentage of growth inhibition of A. ﬂavus BCC F0219 and BIO 2236 in carbohydrate, fat and protein-enriched medium at 3 different levels of MIC concentrations ranged between 90.8 - 100% and 93.8 - 100%. The inhibitory effect of Aﬂatoxin B1 production of A. ﬂavus F0219 BCC and BIO 2236 in carbohydrate, fat and protein-enriched medium at 3 different levels of MIC concentration ranged between 70.86 - 100 % and 83.42 – 98.84 %.ABSTRAKAflatoksin B1 merupakan metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan oleh Aspergillus ﬂavus yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan karena bersifat karsinogenik. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mencari bahan antikapang dan antiaﬂatoksin yang berasal dari bahan alami seperti tumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari aktivitas ekstrak daun rumput kebar terhadap pertumbuhan miselium dan produksi aﬂatoksin B1 dari isolat A. ﬂavus BC F0219 dan A. ﬂavus BIO 2236 pada media model pangan kaya karbohidrat, lemak dan protein. Ekstrak daun rumput kebar diekstraksi secara bertingkat dengan pelarut n-heksana-etil asetat-metanol (HEM). Konsentrasi ekstrak yang diuji untuk isolatA. ﬂavus BCC F0219 dan A. ﬂavus BIO 2236 masing-masing adalah 1; 1,5; dan 2 MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration). Nilai MIC untuk A. ﬂavus BCC F0219 pada media kaya karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein berturut-turut sebesar 12, 14, dan 14 mg/mL. Sedangkan nilai MIC untuk A. ﬂavus BIO 2236 pada media kaya karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein berturutturut sebesar 12, 16, dan 16 mg/mL. Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa persentase hambatan pertumbuhan isolat A. ﬂavus BCC F0219 dan BIO 2236 pada media kaya karbohidrat, lemak dan protein pada 3 tingkat konsentrasi MIC berkisar antara 90,8 – 100% dan 93,8 – 100%. Hambatan produksi aﬂatoksin B1 isolat A. ﬂavus BCC F0219 dan BIO 2236pada media kaya karbohidrat, lemak dan protein pada 3 tingkat konsentrasi MIC berkisar antara 70,86 – 100% dan 83,42 – 98,84%.