Diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan tumor ganas lidah - Teuku Husni T.R (Universitas Syiah Kuala, 2009)
Abstrak. Tumor ganas lidah adalah tumor yang berasal atau terdapat pada lidah yang sering dijumpai di dalam rongga mulut, Insidensi tumor ganas lidah masih jarang. Karsinoma set skuamous merupakan jenis tumor ganas lidah yang sering clijumpai. Faktor etiologi yang diduga sebagai penyebab adalah: tembakau, alkohol, higiene rnulut yang jelek, karies gigi, defisiensi makanan, sifilis, virus dan jamur. Diagnosis pasti tumor ganas lidah ditegakkan dengan perneriksaan histopatologi dari jaringan tumor yang dibiopsi. Penentuan stadium tumor ganas lidah digunakan sistem TNM menurut American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tahun 1992. Terapi tumor ganas lidah dapat berupa: pembedahan, radioterapi, kombinasi pembedahan dan radioterapi, kemoterapi dan terapi paliatif. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pilihan terapi adalah: tipe tumor, stadium, penyakit penyerta, psikologi penderita, keluarga, pengalaman dokter dan fasilitas yang tersedia. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pilihan pembedahan adalah: ukuran tumor, lokasi tumor, adanya ekspansi ke mandibula dan laring, adanya metastase ke leher dan tipe rekonstruksi. (JKS 2009; 1:21-30) Kata kunci: tumor ganas lidah, diagnosis, penatalaksanaan Abstract. Malignant tumors of tongue are tumors which are situated in or originated from the tongue that are commonly found in the oral cavity. The incidence is still rare. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most commonly found. Suspected etiologic factors are : tobacco, alcohol, bad oral hygiene, dental caries, nutritional defficiency, syphillis, and fungal infection. Definitive diagnosis is made by a histopathologic examination on the sample of tumor tissue which is taken by a biopsy. Determination of stadium uses a lNM system according to 1992American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). The choices of treatment are: surgery, radiotherapy, combinationof surgery and chemotherapy, chemothearpy, and palliative therapy. The choice is based on: type of tumor, stadium, following disease, psychology of the patient, family, the doctor's experiences, and facility available. The choice of surgery is based on: size and location of tumor, the present of mandibular and laryngeal expansion, the present of neck metastases, and the type of reconstruction .. (JKS2009; I :21-30) Keywords: Malignant tumors oftongue, diagnosis,treatment