Peningkatan kualitas hidup penderitarinitis alergi paska imunoterapispesifik - Teuku Husni T.R (Universitas Syiah Kuala, 2008)
Abstrak. Masalah utama penderita rinitis alergi (RA) adalah gangguan kualitas hidup. Saat ini belum banyak penelitian manfaat lmunoterapi Spesifik (ITS) bagi kualitas hidup. Tujuan penelitian menilai perubahan kualitas hidup setelah menjalani ITS selama 3 bulan, 6 bulan dan 12 bulan dibanding kondisi sebelumnya. Dilakukan studi retrospektif pra dan paska ITS pada 15 orang penderita RA yang memenuhi kriteria subjek, dengan ganguan kualitas hidup selama 12 bulan. Diagnosis RA berdasarkan anamnesa, tes kulit cungkit, total skor gejala hidung (SGH) menurut Okuda dan penilaian kualitas hidup menurut kuesioner semikuantitatip ARIA WHO 2001. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat perbaikan total SGH sangat bermakna (p0.001) setelah 3 bulan dibandingkan pra ITS. Setelah 6 bulan, temyata tidak menunjukkan perbaikan bermakna dibanding 3 bulan ITS (p=0.477). Namun setelah 12 bulan, total SGH menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna dibanding 3 bulan ITS (p=0.019). Derajat kualitas hidup menunjukkan peningkatan sangat bermakna (p0.001) baik setelah 3 bulan, 6 bulan maupun 12 bulan dibanding pra ITS, walaupun interval penyuntikan telah berlangsung 2 bulan sekali dan pemakaian obat antihistamin (AH1) menunjukkan penurunan sangat bermakna (p0.002). Tidak terdapat perubahan kualitas hidup baik 6 bulan maupun 12 bulan dibanding 3 bulan pra ITS. Kesimpulan : Imunoterapi Spesifik alergen debu rurnah dan tungau pada subjek RA, terutama 3 bulan pertama, telah mampu meningkatkan derajat kualitas hidup serta menurunkan total skor gejala hidung secara sangat bermakna. (JKS2008; 1:7-12) Kata kunci : Rinitis alergi, imunoterapi spesifik, kualitas hidupAbstract. The main problem in allergic rhinitis sufferers is the quality of life (QOL). Until today there is only a few studies that focuses on the benefits of specific immunotherapy (SIT) to quality of life improvement. This study is intended to evaluate the QOL changes after 3, 6 and 12 month of SIT compared to the previous condition. Aretrospective study is conducted on pre and post SIT to 15 allergic rhinitis patients who meet the subject criteria, with QOL disturbance is along the period of 12 months. Allergic rhinitis diagnosis is based on medical history, skin prick test, Okuda's total nasal score system (TNSS) and QOL disturbance according to the ARIAWHO 2001semiquantitative questionnaire. Study result shows a significant improvement of the TNSS (p0.001) after undergoing 3 month therapy compared to pre SIT condition. A six month therapy doesn't show significant changes compared to the 3 month SIT (p=0.477), but after 12 month therapy there is a significant improvement compared to 3 month SIT (p0.019). Quality of life had improved significantly after 3, 6 or 12 month therapy compared to pre SIT condition, even though with the 2 month injection interval and the usage of antihistamine (AH1), it still shows a significant improvement (p0.002). There were no QOL changes at 6 and12 month therapy compared to the 3 month post SIT. Conclusion: Specific Immunotherapy using house dust and mite at allergic rhinitis subjects especially in the first 3 month has proven to improve the subject's QOL condition and to decrease the total nasal score significantly. (JKS 2008; 1:7-12) Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, specific immunotherapy, quality of life