Pendidikan Seni Budaya dan Keterampilan bagi Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus - Cece Sobarna (Universitas Padjadjaran, 2018)
AbstrakPemerintah Republik Indonesia menjamin hak seluruh warga negera Indonesiamendapat pendidikan. Komitmen ini dengan jelas tertuang pada pasal 31 ayat (1)UUD 1945 yang berbunyi bahwa “Setiap warga negara berhak mendapat pendidikan.”Pernyataan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa warga negara yang dimaksud didalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 itu mencakup seluruh rakyat Indonesia dengankondisi apapun tidak terkecuali, termasuk anak berkebutuhan khusus. Mekanismepelaksanaan pendidikan untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus kemudian diatur dalamperaturan-peraturan pemerintah. Langkah-langkah tersebut menunjukkan bahwapemerintah bersungguh-sungguh dalam memberikan hak pendidikan bagi warganegaranya yang dianggap kurang beruntung karena kondisi fisik dan atau mentalmereka. Materi pendidikan apa yang diperlukan bagi anak berkebutuhan khususmenjadi tantangan berikutnya yang harus ditanggulangi bersama. Dengan tujuan akhirmeluluskan siswa berkebutuhan khusus yang mandiri dalam berkehidupan sosialdi masyarakat, sekolah-sekolah khusus seperti SLB (Sekolah Luar Biasa) melakukanberbagai upaya dan salah satunya adalah melalui pendidikan keterampilan dan senibudaya. Bagaimana pendidikan ini diberikan di SLB bagi siswa berkebutuhan khususmenjadi hal yang ingin diungkap melalui tulisan ini. Selama kurang lebih 8 bulanturut terjun langsung berbagi pendidikan Seni Budaya dan Keterampilan diperolehhasil bahwa pendidikan keterampilan dan seni budaya seperti prakarya, tata boga,dan seni budaya mampu mendorong siswa berkebutuhan khusus menjadi terampildan diharapkan keterampilan yang telah mereka miliki tersebut mampu membuatpara siswa tersebut kelak mandiri terjun ke masyarakat.Kata kunci: siswa berkebutuhan khusus, pendidikan keterampilan dan seni budaya,Sekolah Luar Biasa, UUD 1945AbstractThe government of The Republic of Indonesia guarantees that every Indonesian citizenhas a right to get an education. This commitment is strongly stated in The Constitution of theRepublic of Indonesia of 1945 Article 31 (1) that “Each citizen has the right to an education.”The content of The Constituion indicates that the citizen mentioned in the constitution refersto all Indonesian citizens in any condition without any exception including children of specialneeds. How the mechanism of the education for children of special needs is implemented is thenregulated in the Government Regulation. These efforts show that Indonesian government takesthis matter seriously in order that its citizens who are considered to be not fortunate due to theirphysical and or mental condition get their right in education. What kind of education needed forthem becomes the next challenge that has to be managed together with all authorities. In orderto achieve the standard objective for the graduated students of special needs that they have to be self-seficient, independent in their social life among societies, Special Needs Schools ‘SLB’implement some efforts and one of them is by givingthe education of Skill, Art and Culture intheir curriculum. How this education is given in Special Needs Schools for students of specialneeds becomes the main issue that is described in this paper. By taking part in giving thiseducation in these schools for about 8 months, it can be identified that through the education ofSkill, Art and Culture, the skills like culinary training and the art projects are able to stimulatethe students of special needs to be skillful and by obtaining these skills, it is expected that thestudents of special needs can be independent, self-sufficient in their social life in societies.Keywords: students of special needs, the education of Skill, Art and Culture, SpecialNeeds Schools, The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 194